Studied On The External Orphology, Organization And Nutritional Characteristics Of Opsariichthys Unclrostris Bidens Giinther

The external morphological characteristics of Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther was studied by the the observation, measurement, and statistical analysis., The differences of body type indexes, gill rakers, and tooth type between male and female were investigated by fitting equation of length and weight, Furthermore, muscle, liver, pancreas, spleen, intestines and gonad tissue were observed.The muscle of conventional nutrients and amino acids, fatty acid composition were detected, and nutritional characteristics was evaluated. The experiment results and innovations are as follows:Form and anatomy:The difference of opsariichthys morphology and body index between male and female was significant. In non-reproductive season,male anal fin length was larger than the caudal fin base, and the female did not reached up to caudal fin base. The male individuals with more than 13 cm in length and above accounted for more than 99.7%, The female body length/tail length, head length/body length were significantly larger than males, about more than twice the Male. In reproductive season, Male with bright marriage color and Pearl, no marriage color and pearl on female; The Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther body length, body height and body width for the constant growth,.in the tendency of mature female, the female fish liver index and the male’s organ index rose sharply as organ index, until more than males.Texture characteristic:Although Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther had similarhistological organs structure with other fish and mammals corresponding organs, it has its own characteristics:① Coarse fiber muscle with, relatively more muscle nuclei.② Irregular network structure of liver cells. There are scattered in the exocrine pancreas, vacuoles and fat cells; The number of islet exocrine pancreas between less connective tissue, less developed, its characteristics and structure similar to common carp hepatopancreas;③There are significant changes in the before,middle and end of intestine section:From the anterior to the hindgut diameter from coarse to fine, the diameter of small, mucosal folds from coarse and dense to fine and sparse, goblet cells varied from few to more, striate reason thicker thin, intestinal gland number from more to less. The structure difference of each confirmed in digestion and absorption of nutrients are different;④IV phase ovarian also are observed IV oocytes, phase Ⅲ oocyte, Ⅱ oocyte cells, and IV phase testis also are observed mature primary spermatogonia cells in primary, secondary spermatocyte cells, sperm. Accordingly, initially identified belonging to batch spawning type.Amino acids, fatty acids and other nutrients:Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther is characterized with high protein and low fat content.,The male fish had better conventional nutritional value than the female. There was no significantly difference of 18 amino acids in fish muscle between male and female. But the regional differences were obvious. The essential amino acid content in male and female Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther muscle was higher than the FAO/WHO criteria and egg protein standard. The EAAI between male and female fish was different and female Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther had lower EAAI than male.Both male and female, wild or farmed, the content of saturated fatty acids in the males was higher than the females. The total amount of saturated fatty acids of wild fish was significantly higher than that of Xinhua farming. Palmitic acid methyl ester (c16:0) was the predominant saturated fatty acid. Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther in Anhua fanning had significantly higher monounsaturated fatty acidsr than that both in Xinhua farming and wild Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther. The main monounsaturated fatty acids were c16:ln-9 and c18:1. The predominant polyunsaturated fatty acids were c20:4n-5, c22: 6n-4. Which accounted for more than half of the total polyunsaturated fatty acids.In conclusion, the amino acid, fatty acid compounds and contents in Opsariichthys uncirostris bidens Gunther differed in different regions, different culture and living environment, especially the different food sources.