Screening And Evaluation Of Resistant Mutants Of Wheat Space Mutagenesis

The yield of wheat was seriously threatened by stripe rust and fusarium head blight.Breedingof resistant cultivars was the most effective and economical way to control this disease and ensure the high yield of wheat.It is of great significance to explore new germplasm for wheat breeding. The mutation technique can be used to break the genetic linkage and produce new types, new characters and new genes. The space mutation technique is a special mutation technique. It used the space environment to induce the variation of agronomic characters, and then select the excellent mutants. Space mutation breeding provides a new way for crop germplasm innovation. Screening and evaluation of wheat mutants resistant mutation is of great significance to the further application of germplasm and the exploitation of resistance gene.The space mutation materials was selected by the pedigree way for the mutation with elite agronomic characters and changedin the resistance of stripe rust. To select the space mutants, the stripe rust resistance were assessed through inoculating the prevalent stripe rust race CYR32 and the main pathotype Yr26/G22 in the seedling stage in the greenhouse and in the adult plant stage in the field in Yangling and Tianshui and the genetic similarity between the space mutagenesis and their mutagenic parents were assessed through 21 pairs of core primers. It established a method for the selection of the resistance to stripe rust of aerospace mutagenesis materials.Then combined with this method to screen wheat with resistance to stripe rust excellent agronomic characters.The selection of resistant germplasm will be applied in space mutation breeding. The results of this study are as follows:1 、 The establishment of the screening method of wheat and space induced mutants resistant to stripe rust diseaseThere aremore than 3 molecular markersinthe space mutagenesis of Liantian15 were different from those in the mutagenic parents and the separation existedin the stripe rust resistance, the character of their awns and other agronomic traits. we speculated the variation of the characters resulted from cross pollination in the Liantian15. In the mutagenesis of Zhengmai9023, 1~2 molecular markers were different from their mutagenic parents, and the stripe rust resistance at the seedling stage to the tested races and most agronomic traits wasconsistent with Zhengmai9023, however, the adult plant resistanceto stripe rust improved, it is concluded that the variation of adult plant resistance resulted from space mutation. The mutagenesis with adult resistance to stripe rust of Zhengmai9023 can be useful in the future stripe rust resistance breeding.The Xinong 979 and Xinong822 were used to verify the accuracy of the method for screening, after strict bagging 2 line hybrid in 100 line M2.2、The screening of wheat and space induced resistance to stripe rust and resistance to fusarium head blight.There are 37 mutagenesis with adult resistance to stripe rustand highly genetic similarity with mutant parent was selected from 85-173-4. After genetic similarity detection and resistance detection finally obtain excellent materials from Longyuan031. There are 2 lines showed resistance to CYR32 and 15 lines showed resistance to V26. There are 27 lines with obvious improvement in resistance to Fusarium head blight. All of the 44 materials are resistance to stripe rust at adult stage. The 44 lines can be used as new germplasm for wheat resistance breeding. The genetic population was constructed by crossing the stripe rust mutants of 85-173-4 to the 85-173-4 and the major rice cultivars.3 、 Screening of space mutation progeny of BLUE SKY with excellent agronomic characters and resistance to stripe rustThe agronomic traits ofmutagenic progenies were not significantly changed. There are32 lines consistent and resistance to stripe rust better than the mutation parental lines. They can be used as new germplasm for wheat resistance breeding.