| Wheat is one of the most important food crops, but due to the influence of wheat stripe rust, the yield of wheat is greatly reduced. Study on disease resistant varieties is the most economical, safe and environmentally controlled means of disease control. However, the pathogen of wheat stripe rust is changeable, and in its epidemic zone with no effective prevention, disease resistant varieties are improved more slowly, the ability of resistant varieties will continue to be disappear. The evaluation system of wheat variety resistance to stripe rust was used in this experiment. The evaluation of resistance to stripe rust was conducted from the phenotype and genotype in the Chinese wheat cultivars. The result supports for planting reasonably and genetic distribution in China. Rational cultivation can prevent the epidemic of the stripe rust, but also provide valuable germplasm resources for breeding work, and provide support for the development of new disease resistant materials.The experiment was established in an artificial strip rust disease nursery in Yangling,Shaanxi province and also established in a natural nursery in Tianshui Gansu province, and we established an evaluation system of the single stripe rust race in greenhouse. Combined with the result of the identification of single race, the artificial nursey and the natural nursery, then,we evaluated the ability of stripe rust restance in Chinese wheat cultivars. Using the genetic molecular marker(YR1, YR2, Yr5, Yr7, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15 and Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yrzh84, etc.)to screen the genetic types. With the evaluation of disease resistance and results of gene screening, comprehensive analysis of the ability of the Chinese wheat cultivars. The experiment contained 207 varieties of wheat, there were 69 wheat cultivars has restance to CYR32 in the seedling stage, 39 has the restance to V26, and in Tianshui there were 25 lines with restance. Comprehensive analysised with the all-stage resistance lines, there was 13 Chinese wheat cultivars. The whole 207 Chinese wheat cultivars, that 10 lines had Yr1 gene,49 lines had Yr9 gene, two lines had Yr10 gene, 18 lines had Yr15 gene, 29 lines had Yr17 gene, 22 lines had Yr18 gene, 29 lines had Yr26 gene and four lines had Yr ZH84. The number of lines that contained two resistance genes was 40, and included three genes of Yr1, Yr9,Yr18, there was only one. Comprehensive analysised of the results of identification andgenetic analysis: Wanmai 19 etc. contained two genes and for the whole growth stage resistance that was three lines; Chuanmai 46 etc. contained a single gene and performance for disease resistance that was four lines and Xinchun18 etc. were not detected to the known genes, but they had the resistance. The 13 Chinese wheat cultivars had a great value for researching. There were five pieces of wheats with ASR in the Stripe rust of winter breeding area, four pieces in the Puccinia summering area and 1piece in the Puccinia wintering area, 3in other areas. The palce with the more wheat was Sichuan. The wheats with APR to CYR32 were 146, most of them in the Sichuan and Hubei, among them were 94 wheats the high APR.The susceptible wheats were 48 pieces, most of them in the other areas, the susceptible wheats were 44.44%。... |
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