Studies On The Effect And Mechanism Of Quality Agents On Apple Fruit

Apple not only is the world’s four largest fruit of the crown, but also the world’s most widely planted, the largest output of fruits. It is so sweet and sour that favored by the vast number of consumers; and because of apple soluble nutrients, easily absorbed by the body, it is called "living water". But at present, compared with the huge apple production, the broad market and its bright future, the export rate of Chinese apple is only about 3%, the main reason is that the fruit quality of apple orchard in China is not standard, and so on. In addition, the skin color is an important symbol of the fruit ripening, and also is one of the important limiting factors of the apple fruit product price and sales. In order to improve the above situation, the field experiments were carried out in the Weinan white water of the apple rich area.After three years of this study. Selected the mid-maturation apple “Yuhuazaofu” and the late-maturing apple”Changfu2hao” as test varieties, through indoor test analysis and field experiment, and explored the effect of two kinds of Apple special quality improvement which was decided two hydrogen, methyl jasmonate(MDJ) and vanillin as main component agent, and was more saving labor and high efficiency, safety and environmental protection. Finally, compared with Ti foliar fertilizer(TR3) and rare earth high-tech fertilizer(TR4) by measuring the relevant indicators, to investigate the possibility of substitution of fruit bag, the main results are as follows,1. Choose quality improvement agent mixed by two hydrogen, methyl jasmonate, vanillin, salt tolerant emulsifier, mineral elements and chitosan(or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), which both have good film forming, light transmittance, air permeability and water solubility, to apply on apple, the result showed that it had a certain luster and permeability, as well as good as membrane effect.2. After two years in the apple fruit expands to the fruit mature period the results of the study knowledge, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as film forming material two quality improver(TR2) can promote the skin color. Compared to CK treatment, apple skin a * value increase, b * and L* value were reduced, the effects were remarkable. In terms of color, tinctorial yield was close to TCK, due to the fruit color is thick, bright color not TCK; Each treatment all can improve the degree of red fruit and C value, H value was reduced, lateral illustrates the quality improver can promote the degradation of chlorophyll and the accumulation of cyanine glycosides. Embodied from the physiological mechanism, can help the skin cyanine nucleoside synthesis, but the effect was not significant; cyanine contents were proportional to the PAL enzymes and soluble sugar content, fruit was inversely proportional to the content of chlorophyll.3. Each treatment is advantageous to the correct shape. TR1 and TR2 processing can not only significantly increased the fruit hardness, soluble solids and fruit storage time, also can increase the fruit of Vc content and N、 K content, reducing P content in fruit, ‘Fuji’apples fruit harvest time in advance, to promote farmers’ income and improve their living life. At last,it also could effectively increase the fruit sugar/acid ratio, solid acid ratio and Ca content, thus improving the fruit quality.4. With comprehensive apple sensory evaluation analysis, the result showed that TR2 dealing with relatively strong performance, the index of fruit all improved ‘Yuhuazaofu’ fruit quality, flavor, While the TR1 of late maturing ‘Fuji’apple indicators better effect. Two kinds of quality agents both can less economic input, conforms to the requirements of customers, for the fruit hyperchromic effect, reach the test target, is worth further promotion in the market.