Effects Of Tomato And Cucumber Residue Compost Application In Soil On Vegetable Growth And Soil Properties In Solar Greenhouse

With the rapid explanation of the area of facility vegetable cultivation, more and more vegetable residues were generated every year. Usually, we put these residues on the sidewalk randomly, not only do they result in air pollution, mosquitoes breeding, but also restrict facility vegetable industry sustainable development seriously. In order to explore resonable utilization of facility vegetable residues, we used two of the main facility vegetables residues including tomato and cucumber as materials, arranging them to separate piles in a cement tank, and then made them through high temperature aerobic composting process. After the process, we tried to measure some key indicators that could reflect their maturity and stability, including physical and chemical properties, nutrient content, heavy metal content, germination index and content of phenolic acids, and then made a comparison to national standard for compost to evaluate whether tomato and cucumber residues were safe enough to add into soil. In addition, we added different levels(0, 15, 20, 30 t·hm-2) of tomato and cucumber residue compost mentioned above into soil respectively, growing for three seasons(tomato-cucumber-cucumber), and learned the effects of tomato and cucumber residue compost returning to soil on soil properties, vegetables gowth and yield in solar greenhouse. The main results were as follows:1. Tomato and cucumber residue compost product’s bulk density were 0.12 g·cm-3 and 0.17 g·cm-3 respectively, total porosity were 82.49% and 83.86% respectively, both of them were abundant in organic matter and available NPK content and 5 kinds of heavy metals were within the safe range. The HPLC detection technique results revealed the 8 specific phenolic acids content, containing only a small amount of gallic acid. The germination experiment showed that the cabbage seeds germination index were 0.96 and 0.99 respectively. Take into a comprehensive evaluation, tomato and cucumber residue compost can be safe enough used for agricultural production.2. Tomato and cucumber residue compost returning to soil can promote vegetable crop growth and improve soil properties. For example, compost can decrease soil bulk density and increase soil porosity. The control just showed the opposite trend compare with the compost treatment, bulk density continues to rise, ranging from 1.06 g·cm-3 to 1.15 g·cm-3, total porosity continued to decrease, ranging from 47.31% to 40.90%. Compost returning can increase the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available NPK. Besides, compost can improve the content of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen; and increase soil phosphatase, β-glucosidase, β-cellobiose-glucosidase, aminopeptidase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity; compost can enhance tomato and cucumber growth, yield and nutrient quality, and with increasing amount of both types of compost under the level of 30 t·hm-2 the effects were more pronounced(P<0.05).