| No tillage technology is the core technology of conservation tillage, it is using special no tillage seeding machine, direct seeding on seed which is still having stalk on the land, in addition to sowing there is no any tillage. It can reduce the number of machines entering the field and soil disturbance, and reduced the cost of the machine operation, and improved the production efficiency. Air suction seed metering device is the main components of no tillage planter, it has a unique structural features and excellent row performance compared with other seed metering device. This paper is resreaching on the base of no-tillage sowing technology research at home and abroad, combined with " Key technology research and application of maize no-tillage planter demonstrations F13-108-3-00", and research the adaptability of "2BQMJ-2 type maize no tillage seeding machine" which is bought from Hebei Shenshandadi company in Shenyang area and performance reliability are studied and structure optimization.The main research contents and main results are as follows:(1) Theoretical analysis on the influencing factors of the performance of the seed metering of the air suction metering device. The influencing factors were analyzed by the Flow Simulation in the SolidWorks software and the stress analysis diagram of the seeds. Summarize the effect of air suction row for row of kinds of factors on the quality of the main suction hole, diameter, number and row kind of disk rotational speed and gas suction chamber vacuum degree.(2) Indoor simulation test was carried out by using the JPS-2 type full automatic seed metering device performance test bench. On the basis of theoretical analysis to suction hole diameter, a disk rotational speed and gas suction chamber vacuum degree factor experiment using row kinds of test rig and high speed camera device to grain distance qualified rate, reseeding rate and leakage sowing rate as evaluation indexes were single factor test and orthogonal test. The experimental results show that the effect of the diameter of the suction hole, the rotating speed and the vacuum of the exhaust chamber on the quality of the seed metering is remarkable.(3) Determination of related parameters of seed metering device. By the theoretical analysis results to determine:row plate 200mm in diameter, material 3.7mm thin aluminum, the seed suction hole for straight hole, number 11 holes, while increasing the avail absorption device; by the test results to determine:ceiling hole diameter 5.5 mm, the wheel speed is determined 35r/min; suction chamber vacuum degree identified as 4kPa.(4) Structural analysis and optimization of fertilizer. Based on the issues and requirements during a field experiment in fertilizing device, the use of SolidWorks drawing software and mechanical design method: ① Fertilizer box parameters were optimized, more conducive to the fertilizer discharging and applying; ② Design an auger type fertilizer discharging device, to achieve the "fertilization" effect; ③ Design a the amount of fertilizer monitoring system. In the traditional seed and fertilizer box according to the position of installation of two sets of infrared photosensitive tube monitoring, in the rack and a tractor cab is respectively equipped with a connection seat and alarm device, by indicating lights and siren master seed fertilizer box quantity and quantity of fertilizer.(5) Design field experiment to verify the results of optimization. The test parameters were measured by five point method, which is based on the particle size, the number of points, the depth of sowing, the depth of fertilization, the spacing of seed and fertilizer and the evenness of fertilizer. Measurement results show that, after optimization after seeding and fertilizing device in the qualitative change of each test have reached the quality requirements of precision seeding, also kind of fertilizer monitoring device can prompt the driver of reasonable arrangements for seed and fertilizer box kind continued and continued fertilizer at the time and place, did not appear to have a non fat dry run. |
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