Soil Fertility Analysis And Improvement Measures Of Ningyuan County Vegetable Base

Ningyuan is an agricultural county, where the vegetable industry has played a key role in its agriculture, becoming one of the leading industry of Ningyuan agriculture. This paper has analyzed the status of soil fertility, and raised the measures to improve it, based on the sample collection of soils and indoor testing as well as the investigation of farmer households in the main vegetable fields. The major research results are as follows:1 Testing results of soil fertility in the vegetable base of Ningyuan county1.1 The PH of vegetable base soil in Ningyuan is optimum on the whole. Of all,17 samples’PH in soil are low,83 proper,10 high,17 high, respectively accounting for 13.4%,65.4%,7.9%,13.4% of the total number samples.1.2 The organic content in the vegetable base of Ningyuan is little higher than medium. Of all,9 samples’organic content in soil is low,48 proper,30 high,40 very high, respectively accounting for 7.1%,37.8%,23.6%and 7.1% of the total number of samples.1.3 The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the vegetable base of Ningyuan. The content of nitrogen is quite rich, and only three samples in total nitrogen is at low level, occupying 2.4% of the total samples; three samples of Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen are at extremely low level and 10 samples at low level, respectively making up 3.1%and 7.9% of the total samples. Phosphorus is appropriate, and only 1 sample have quite low content of efficient phosphorus,21 samples low,73 samples appropriate,17 samples high,15 samples quite high, respectively accounting for 0.8%,16.5%,57.5%,13.4%,11.8% of the total samples. Potassium is deficient,22 samples of rapidly-available potassium are at quite low level, and 75 samples at a quite low level, respectively occupying 17.3%,59.1% of the total samples; 3 samples of Slowly available potassium are at a extreme low level and 69 samples at a low level, respectively accounting for 2.1%,54.3% of the total samples.1.4 The content of efficient boron in the vegetable base of Ningyuan.7 samples is quite low in boron content,44 samples low,77 samples suitable,3 samples high, respectively accounting for 5.5%,34.6%,57.5%,2.4% of the total samples.2 Ameliorative measures of soil fertility in the vegetable base of Ningyuan countyGood soil fertility is the essential factor for crop to produce and grow well. At present, the soil PH is acidic in some vegetable base of Ninyuan and the nutrients are of imbalanced distribution featured by the disproportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the shortage of micronutrient.2.1 Ameliorating the PH value of soil. Most of vegetables are suitable to grow in the soils of weak or neutral acid, while part of vegetable base in Ninyuan is acid, thus lime modifier must be applied and the planting patterns must be optimized in order to improve soil PH.2.2 Increasing the application of organic fertilizer. Soil organic matter can help soil keep fertility and buffer. Also the content of soil organic in newly built vegetable base is low, so increasing the application of organic fertilizer can better the soil and improve its fertility.2.3 Reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The soil of vegetable base in Ningyuan county is lack of potassium, but the nitrogen content is rich, the phosphorus is appropriate, so the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash must be coordinated in fertilization and the principle of controlling nitrogen, distributing phosphorus properly and promoting potash must be followed in fertilization.2.4 Great importance must be attached in fertilizer application, straws of tobacco, sweet potato and peanut will be promoted to return to soil, and micro-element fertilizers will be applied to improve the low status of boron content.