Study On Water-Soluble Yeast Glucan Oral Liquid

There are rich nutrients and bioactive substances in saccharomycetes cerevisiae. The glucan of it is the first polysaccharide to be found that had immune activity. In addition, the glucan also had antivirus, antitumor, antioxidation and other biological activities. To screening the extraction technology and modification technology by preparing 9 sulfated glucan(s GSC) and evaluating activities in vitro and in vivo to get the better modification conditions. Then the sulfated glucan was prepared into oral liquid and researched its stability. The conclusion of the full text is as follows:1. The salting out combined with alkaline extraction method was chosen by preliminary experiment. Then taking the sugar content as experimental indexes, and three levels of concentration of salt solution(A),reaction time(B), temperature(C) as three factors to performed the orthogonal design. From the intuitive analysis we could see RA > RB > RC > R. In the analysis of variance, the values of FA, FB > F0.95(2, 2), it showed that the factor A and B were significant difference on the level of 0.05. Due to the value of FC < F0.90(2, 2), the factor C had no significant difference. The factor that had significant difference to choose the best level, the factor that had no significant difference to choose the lower level, based on the cost of production and convenient of operation. The best extraction condition was A3B3C1.2. Taken the sulfuric acid concentration and reaction time as two factors to design the experiment and prepare nine s GSC, then screened by comparing the DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities. In the DPPH and hydroxyl free radical scavenging experiments the free radical scavenging activities of nine products were increased with the increase of the concentration of s GSC. The highest scavenging rate reached 92.52% and 83.41% respectively. The order of DPPH scavenging activities were 7> 6 >9 > 8> 2> 5 > 1 > 3 > 4; the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities were 6 >7 > 9 > 2 > 3 >4 > 5 > 1. In superoxide free radical scavenging experiment, all the values of products were low and the scavenging rate of the products had no obvious linear relationship with its concentration. We preliminary screened out three products.3. To explore the relationship between the activity and the molecular weight, substitution degree, we evaluated the antioxidant and immune enhancement activities of three s GSCs in mice. In vivo antioxidant experiments, there was no significant difference of SOD activities between experimental groups and control groups(p > 0.05); the CAT activities of s GSC1 and s GSC2 groups were significantly higher than that of s GSC3 group and the control groups(p < 0.05); the GSH-Px activity of s GSC1 group was significantly higher than that of the control groups(p < 0.05); the MDA activities of s GSC1 s GSC2 and s GSC3 groups are significantly lower than that of the control groups(p < 0.05).The order of antioxidant activities were s GSC1 > s GSC2 > s GSC3, substitution degree and molecular weight of them were 0.16, 12.9 k Da;0.24, 16.5 k Da and 0.27 and 0.24 k Da respectively. These results showed that with the increased of molecular weight and substitution degree, the antioxidant activities were reduced gradually. In immune enhancement experiments, the spleen and thymus index of experimental groups were significantly higher than that of the control groups(p < 0.05); In the spleen lymphocyte proliferation experiment, the values of A570 in all glucans groups were significantly higher than that of control groups(p < 0.05), the s GSC1 and s GSC2 groups had a significantly higher value of A570 than that of s GSC3 and control groups(p < 0.05). The ratioes of CD4+ and CD8+ of s GSC1 s GSC2 and s GSC3 groups were significantly higher than control groups(p < 0.05); the IL-2 concentration in serum of s GSC1, s GSC2 and s GSC3 groups significantly higher than that of control groups(p < 0.05); the IFN-γ concentration of s GSC1 s GSC2 and s GSC3 groups significantly higher than control groups(p < 0.05). These results showed that the s GSC1 with low molecular weight and substitution degree was the best one.4. To preparing three batches of samples and evaluating the stability by illumination and accelerated experiment. In the illumination experiment, the sugar content of three batch samples at the fifth and tenth days was smaller than the start day, it showed that the oral liquid was not stable for light. In accelerating experiments, the clarity, relative density, sugar content, degree of substitution, molecular weight and PH of the samples had no significant change between the 0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 months, it showed that the glucan oral liquid had good stability.To sum up, this paper had screened out the extraction and molecular modification conditions of glucan, and evaluated its biological activity. Sulfate glucans were prepared into oral liquid and the stability studied. The illumination experiment showed that the oral liquid is not stable for light, and should be preserved with brown bottles; the accelerated experiment shows that the oral liquid has good stability.