Impacts Of Straw Returning With Fertilizer On Dryland Wheat Yield And Soil Biological Properties

Stable grain yield and high yield has been plagued our key crops scholars, and it is a key points of the study. now it has attached great importance and extensive attention of international organizations and scientific researchers. there is no doubt that Straw returning and fertilize have an important role in the growth and yield of wheat, both the combined application on yield and soil biological characteristics of wheat will produce a positive response. For the present, with straw returning with fertilization on yield and soil biological characteristics in wheat research is limited.therefore, this study selected Fuping and Linwei County,which is typical Guanzhong wheat relatively barren two representative test strip for the object of study, field research methods take field experiment and indoor comprehensive analysis,Soil moisture,in different periods of wheat growth status, soil nutrients, yield index, activity and soil microbial flora were measured and analyzed, and by randomly laying nine different treatments(control(CK), expanded storage capacity increase fertilizer(ECF),chemical fertilizer(CF), crushed straw(CS), crushed straw and fertilizer(CS + CF), whole straw(WS), whole straw and fertilizer(WS+CF), ferrous sulfate and fertilizers(Fe + CF), and zinc sulfate fertilizer( Zn +CF)), this paper studied straw returning with fertilizer on yield and yield microbial flora wheat. In order to establish suitable Dry farmland soil moisture wheat straw conversion and utilization technology support system to provide guidance and propose,and it can quickly improve soil structure dry land, improve water and nutrient use efficiency of crop straw new methods and technical specifications.Preliminary study obtained the following conclusions:(1) Whole straw returning, crushed straw, crushed straw and fertilizer complex measures can significantly improve 0-100 cm soil moisture, expanding storage capacity increase fertilizer can promote soil and water conservation entropy to a certain extent, in the late stages of wheat growth, water retention capacity is gradually increased soil moisture, trace elements Zn, Fe wheat soil moisture increase capacity for seasonal variation gradually increases. Size change of soil moisture in different periods of wheat basic as follows: heading> filling>maturity.(2) Whole different growth stages of wheat straw returning with fertilizer, fertilizer Zn and expand storage capacity increase fertilizer can significantly increase the number of tillering wheat, crushed straw and fertilizer can increase the number of good tillering wheat, single fertilizer and wheat straw to the poor tillers. With seasonal variations, the change of wheat tillers substantially reduce the increase to seasonal variation.(3) Based on wheat production,trace elements Zn, Fe with fertilization, whole straw returning with fertilization, expand storage capacity increase fertilizer can markedly improved wheat dry matter, plant height, ear length, wheat production. Straw returning with fertilization on wheat yield has the most significant effect, followed by the expansion of storage capacityincrease fertilizer, and trace elements Zn, Fe fertilizer can be a good fit to promote wheat production increase, but it has the external conditions and interannual variability impact.(4) whole straw returning with fertilizer, trace elements Zn, Fe with fertilization can significantly improve soil nutrient content, and expanded storage capacity increase fertilizer,chemical fertilizer, whole and crushed straw returning have an effect on soil nutrient content in a certain. whole straw returning with fertilizer in straw returning with fertilizer field has the best results.(5) expand storage capacity increase fertilizer, straw crushing, grinding stalks with chemical fertilizer, can significantly increase the whole straw returning 0-40 cm soil layer of soil bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, but it is not significant with its seasonal changes the trend.Fertilizer Zn, Fe are not significant on soil bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, there are slight differences in different periods of its trends.(6) the whole straw returning with fertilization can significantly increase 0-40 cm soil invertase, phosphatase, urease, amylase, nitrate reductase activity. The crushed straw and fertilizer, expanding storage capacity increase fertilizer, fertilizer Fe, Zn with fertilizer,chemical fertilizer can also be affected to varying degrees of soil enzyme activities, but at a level of less than significant effect.To sum up, straw returning with fertilizer application should be reasonable to use the administration expanded storage capacity increase fertilizer, fertilizer in the process of dryland wheat, it can both improve soil moisture and nutrients and enhance soil microbial activity and rich ecosystems, thereby increasing the yield of wheat, and promoting the National Engineering straw.