| This experiment use hybrid variety Huayouza No.9, which is a representative rape variety of the Yangtze River Basin, by setting the sowing date, nitrogen fertilizer and density, to form different rapeseed group and studying individual and population characteristics including different groups development, canopy s, yield components and other indicators, summarizes the high yield production combination mode of production which is suitable for direct-seeding rape.1. Plant height, the numbers of leaf number of main stem and green leaf in growth process and the individual’s accumulation of dry matter decreased along with the sowing date delaying, which is also decreased with increasing density, but increased with the amount of nitrogen. Delayed sowing date can reduce the the proportion of stem dry matter in total dry matter at maturation stage, increase the transfer rate of storage substances.2. The interception rate of PAR by group canopy in growing period showed a first increase, go to a stagnation when entering the winter period, and there is a certain trend of decline, group canopy interception rate of PAR increases rapidly in bud stage, then decreased in the flowering stage. Group canopy interception PAR rate reaches a maximum value at the flowering stage in the growth period, the average value of different sowing date is between 0.9 and 0.88. Early sowing date, application of chemical fertilizer, improving the density could significantly increase the rape groups interception rate of PAR. Among different sowing date, group canopy interception rate of PAR in the N18kg/666.7m2, density 50000/666.7m2 treatment is maximum, the interception rate of PAR is between 0.93 and 0.98 in bud stage to flowering stage of four treatment.3. Increasing nitrogen can increase the number of branches of the occurrence of rapeseed, increase the length of the main stem and branches, main stem and branches pod number, several values with the increase of the density of this decline. Increased density will reduce the density of rapeseed pod unbranched, and the upper one to three branches pod density is higher. In N18kg/666.7m2, N21/666.7m2 and other high nitrogen treatment and density 10000/666.7m2, density 30000/666.7m2 and other lower density conditions, the lower three branches of rapeseed production is less than the average of inefficient branches.4. Rapeseed population growth rate with nitrogen and density increasing increase. From bud stage to early flowering stage, final flowering to maturity, the rapeseed population were max. The treatment N 18kg/666.7m2 and density 50000/666.7m2 was highest in group growth rate. Increasing density and fertilizer can increase group growth rate of rapeseed.5. Comprehensive analysis of the different treatments yield show under the low levels of soil fertility and low temperature conditions before winter(2012-2013), all the yield of 3 density treatment, combination N 18kg/666.7m2 and density 50000/666.7m2 reach 200kg/667m2, which is a high in the yield. Delaying sowing day and increasing the density can increase the yield. And before the winter temperature is on the high side and higher levels of fertility in (2011-2012), in this case, sowing day must be delay appropriately, and control density. The treatment density 30000/666.7m is appropriate, but the sowing day on October 15 must increasing density to make up lacking of production. Different canopy character of yield show high-yield group reached 250kg/666.7m2, the number of branches of population is 26×104/666.7m2, pod number of groups is 733×104/666.7m. Excepting maturity photosynthetic area index of other stage were above 4.0, from bud stage to the final flowering photosynthetic area index reaches 5.8 or more. Groups of PAR interception rate in addition to the mature stage, other several measuring periods are above 0.93. |
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