Breeding Research Of Excellent New Strains Of Hybrid F₁ From M-1867×Longshu No.6

In order to breed new potato varieties-with high yield, good quality, high resistance and strong adaptability, short growth period, shallow eye depths, and good tuber shape, according to the matching principle of large difference of ecotype, trait complementary between parents, we use potato’M-1867’introduced from abroad as female parent, domestic potato’Longshu No.6’as male parent, obtained hybrid F1 segregation population from a cross’M-1867’X’Longshu No.6’by emasculation, bagging and crossing. In the present study, we focus on breeding from the potato F1 excellent lines and new strains, and analyze the tuber yield, nutrition quality, chromosome pairing configuration and SSR fingerprint. The main results are as follows:1. In this study, five hybrid strains-A6, A10, A17, A19 and A21, with excellent comprehensive agronomic performance were selected from 1950 individuals of hybrids F1 of the cross’M-1867’X’Longshu No.6’.2. The chromosome pairing configuration of strains A6, A10, A17, A19 and A21 were 5.84 Ⅰ++10.23 Ⅱ+3.62 Ⅲ+2.71 Ⅳ、10.52 Ⅰ+3.22 Ⅱ+5.80 Ⅲ+3.41 Ⅳ、3.67 Ⅰ+10.83 Ⅱ+2.09 Ⅲ+5.45Ⅳ.9.16Ⅰ+5.39Ⅱ+6.06Ⅲ+2.47Ⅳ and 8.44Ⅰ+4.85Ⅱ+3.94Ⅲ+4.51Ⅳ, respectively. Strains A6 and A17 had a relatively high pollen fertility, at 57.85% and 65.25%, which were suitable as male parent for further crossing and utilize. Strains A10. A19, A21 had a relatively low pollen fertility, at about 30%, which were suitable as female parent.3. Using 13 SSR suitable primers to amplify genome DNA of seven potato materials. a total of 75 stable SSR polymorphic sites were detected, and the polymorphic rate was 83.33%. A SSR fingerprint map was established, which could distinguish five strains and their parents.4. Based on the GD value of 0.40, seven potato materials were classified into four categories:the male parent’Longshu No.6’and strains A19 as a category; the female parent’M-1867’and strains A6 as a category; strains A10 and A21 as a category; and strains A17 as a separate category.5. According to the determination and analysis of the stability of phenotypic characteristics and tuber yield, and the nutritional quality, two new strains A6 and A17 with the most excellent comprehensive performance were selected from five strains, which had some traits in common point, such as tidy and concentrated tuber, shallow eye depths, medium mature type, and high commodity potato rate.6. The new strains A6 has high yield per plant, oval tuber shape, white potato skin and flesh,24.12% of dry matter content and 18.52% of starch content, which are suitable for processing granules and further utilization; the new strains A17 has high yield per plant, high dry matter and starch content, extremely low reducing sugar content, long and oval tuber shape, light yellow skin and flesh, which are suitable for chip processing and further utilization.