Agricultural Structure Optimization Of Middle Ningxia Drought Based On The Water Footprint

In many cities of our country, especially the shortage of water resources in the northern region is particularly serious. In Ningxia, water resources contradiction between supply and demand is prominent. Uneven distribution of water resources, water supply structure unreasonable, low utilization efficiency, coupled with the continuous drought in recent years, the phenomenon of serious water shortage, water shortage has become the main factors restricting the sustainable development of this area. So how to close the development and utilization of water resources management, efficient allocation of water resources, the limited water resources play a greater benefit, it has important realistic meaning to solve the drought little rain in Ningxia area.This study in Ningxia in central arid zone (Yanchi, Tongxin County, Hongsipu, Haiyuan county) as the research object, (four counties) and crop production structure changes of Ningxia in central arid zone, based on the analysis of the structure of agricultural output and water resources utilization in, in based on the theory of water footprint, the establishment of arid area in central Ningxia (four counties) water footprint accounts, the overall sustainability of water resources of the comprehensive evaluation and the Ningxia in central arid with (four counties) of Yanghuang irrigation area in the current crop structure to make the adjustment and optimization. Main research results are as follows:(1) The characteristics and advantages of crop area is small presently, such as green fodder, medicinal herbs, fruits and other crops to smaller total acreage Accumulation of 15.88%, the crop structure of the main characteristics of the crop is obvious.(2)The average water footprint by big to small order:potato> maize>Green fodder>wheat> oil crops> beans> melon and fruit> vegetables; blue green and grey water footprint constitute the proportion of each are not identical, the annual average total green water footprint of the total water footprint ratio of not more than 24%, bean, oil crops and green feed year average total blue water footprint accounted for more than 50%, and wheat, corn, vegetables, fruits and crops due to large quantities of chemical fertilizer use, improve the grey water footprint (the total water footprint in more than 40%) and lead to water footprint, increased the water resource scarcity.(3)In the region of total water footprint rising water consumption accounted for 74% and 24% of the total water footprint of planting and animal husbandry, the average annual, farming and animal husbandry is still the region’s leading industries, large water consumption, water saving potential of the larger, industrial, life, ecological use of water is increasing, also increased the scarcity of water resources, but according to yuan GDP water footprint analysis, water resources utilization overall efficiency continues to increase.(4) In based on Ningxia in central arid zone (four counties) Yang Yellow River irrigation crop production water footprint, using the linear programming model of Ningxia in central arid zone (four counties) Yang irrigation area of the Yellow River in the existing eight kinds of crop structure adjustment and analysis, planning results show, agricultural water consumption is reduced 0.3 billion m3, increase the total output of about 2.79 billion yuan, output value per unit of virtual water increased 0.43 yuan/m3, and improving the utilization efficiency of water resources.The proportion of Ningxia in central arid zone (four counties) of agricultural water resources serious shortage, the lower the green water footprint and continuously improve the grey water footprint proportion, for the sustainable utilization of water resources in agricultural production has brought a serious threat. Therefore, it is suggested according to the local water resources, adjusting agricultural planting structure and mode, improve crop fertilizer and effective rainfall utilization efficiency, the development of water-saving agriculture, so that the limited water resources to play a greater efficiency, effectively reduce the amount of water used for agriculture, promote the food security and ecological security to achieve a win-win situation.