| Liaoning Province is the main grain producing area and the key fruit producing area of China.However,its planting industry is facing increasingly serious pressure of water and water ecological.The water footprint theory provides a new idea for the study of efficient utilization of agricultural water resources.Therefore,it is of great significance to use water footprint theory to evaluate agricultural water in Liaoning Province.In this study,the water footprints of crops(grain crops,cash crops,fruits and vegetables)in Liaoning Province from2002 to 2017 were calculated and analyzed.On this basis,Tapio decoupling model was used to analyze the relationship between water resource utilization and economic development in Liaoning Province.Finally,SFA was used to evaluate the water use efficiency of planting industry.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In recent years,the planting industry of Liaoning Province has concentrated on five crops: maize,rice,vegetables,fruits and peanuts.The yield of other crops decreased,especially soybean,sesame and wheat.By comparing the water footprints of crops,it is found that planting area of high water consumption crops has been reduced,it means that the planting structure is gradually optimized.The water footprint of crop growth showed a gradually decreasing trend during 2002 to 2017.From 2002 to 2017,Fuxin city has the highest pollution water footprint,which was 3.53 m3/ kg,while Huludao city had the smallest water footprint of pollution,which was 1.58 m3/kg respectively.The difference of cities between the highest water footprint of pollution and the lowest water footprint of pollution was obviously,showing that less attention on allieviating water pollution was paid by few cities.For the water footprint,Dandong,Fushun and Fuxin city have the highest water footprint,which were 3.18 m3/ kg,3.00 m3/ kg and 4.35 m3/ kg,respectively,while Huludao has the lowest water footprint(1.99 m3/ kg).(2)The water footprint of the planting industry in Liaoning Province shows that the demand of water for agriculture is increasing in recent years with the increase of planting area,and the water pollution is becoming more serious.In terms of regional crop growth water footprint,the relationship between crop growth water footprint and economic development in Liaoning Province was in a weak decoupling state.When the regional pollution water footprint was concerned,from 2002 to 2010,the pollution water footprint and the economic development of plant industry in Liaoning Province showed a weak decoupling state,while from 2011 to 2017,it showed a strong decoupling state,which indicated that the relationship between pollution water footprint and economic development changed from the primarycoordination state of weak decoupling to the high-quality coordination state.In terms of regional crop water footprint,the relationship between water footprint and economic development was similar with that between pollution water footprint and economic development.(3)The study on water use efficiency of crop growth shows that,the water use efficiency of crop growth in Liaoning Province showed a gradual decline from east to west.The average water use efficiency in the study period is 0.844,which means that on average,Liaoning Province can save 15.6% of water consumption by adjusting planting structure.In terms of water use efficiency of environment,the areas with low water use efficiency are concentrated in the east and west of Liaoning Province,showing a small-scale aggregation phenomenon.The average water use efficiency of environment in the study period is 0.947,which means that Liaoning Province can save about 5.3% of water consumption by improving water environment.In terms of water use efficiency for crop production,the spatial distribution of water use efficiency for crop production is similar to that of water environment.The average value of water use efficiency for crop production in the study period is 0.941.Above all,three types of water use efficiency are all less than 1,and the efficiency in the study period are showing a downward trend,indicating that the water use efficiency of the whole planting industry in Liaoning Province is unbalanced.Thus,the water use efficiency of the whole planting industry in Liaoning Province need to be improved in the future.In this study,the water footprint of crop was quantified and the temporal and spatial differences were analyzed.On this basis,the relationship between water footprint and economic development and water use efficiency are analyzed.This study can provide the basis for the establishment of regional water footprint control standards,and also provide relevant suggestions for the development of planting industry,and with the deepening of later research,finally provide a more specific scheme for the optimization of the structure of planting industry in Liaoning Province. |
PDF Full Text Request