| Castanea henryi (Skan) Rehd. et Wils. is belonging to the Fagaceae, chestnut plant, is one of the important woody grain tree species in south china. Currently castanea henryi seedling mainly uses the field seedings grafting fine breed, with the long of seedling cycle, the low seedling quality, the low transplanting survival rate. Castanea henryi mycorrhizal growing seedlings can promote the seedling root growth and mycorrhizal formation, accelerate seedling growth, increase seedling biomass, seedling quality and survival rate of afforestation, enhance its resistance. In order to screen the advantage symbiosis etcomycorrhizal of Castanea henryi,our paper used the Fungus fruiting body and mycorrhizal which obtained from Castanea henryi foresty, in the city of Lishui, Jianou, Huaihua, Liuyang, Hengyang, Xiangxi, and Chenzhou.8 pure culture species were got by separation and purification. The effect on culturing 8 fungi with different temperatures, pH values, carbon sources and nitrogen sources were researched, and the culture conditions of part fungi Liquid fungi inoculation and solid fungi inoculation were screened, the solid fungi inoculation were inoculated with Castanea henryi seedings, the infection results were surveyed. The main results are follows:1 The research results of culture conditions. Termitornyces albuminosus, Russula griseocarnosa, Scleroderma citrinum Pers. were isolated from fruitbody, and g1,g2,g3,g4 and g5 were isolated from mycorrhizae. Differences were found in the optimum conditions of the 8 ectomycorrhizal fungi. The optimum temperature of Termitornyces albuminosus, Russula griseocarnosa, Scleroderma citrinum Pers., g2, g3 and g4 was 25℃, and the g5’s optimum temperature was 20℃,and They belonged to moderate temperature fungi. The g1’s was 30℃. The optimum pH value of mostl ectomycorrhizal fungi was 5.0 to 7.0, Termitornyces albuminosus, Russula griseocarnosa,g1 and g2 grew best at the pH value of 6,and Scleroderma citrinum Pers. and g2 at 7, and g3 at 4.0,and g4 at 5.0. Termitornyces albuminosus, Russula griseocarnosa, Scleroderma citrinum Pers., g3 and g4 grew best in the medium with mannitol;the optimum carbon source of gl and g2 was dextrose and g5 like maltose. Most ectomycorrhizal fungi grew better in the nitrate nitrogen and the organic nitrogen. According to the results of the study of the culture conditions, to get each of the fungi liquid optimum culture conditions.2 The reseacrh results of making microbial inoculum and fungi inoculation. Termitornyces albuminosus, Scleroderma citrinum Pers., g1 and g5 get the highest rate of mycelium undering the condition of peat soil:corn flour:pearlite=7:1.5:1.5, getting 25 ml liquid every 50 g matrix with 97.81%,96.49%,91.61% and 97.81% respectively; russula griseocarnosa, g2, g3 and g4 solid inoculants hyphae rate was the highest ratio in substrate of lime:corn flour:pearlite=6:2:2,50 g matrix with 25 ml liquid, getting hyphae rate 94.73%,97.00%,87.66% and 94.73% respectively. Termitornyces albuminosus, Russula griseocarnosa, Scleroderma citrinum Pers, g2 and g3 were successful infection and the infection rates were 63.34%,70.26%,85.12%,57.68% and 54.53%.3 The research results of effect of screening. The photosynthetic characteristics, element contents of leaves, the indexes of the seedlings and the biomass of the infected seedings were significantly improved when comparing with CK. Respectively, comparing with CK, average net photosynthetic rate increased by 62.2%,78.6%,153.6%, 120.9% and 25%; seedling height increased by 26%,29%,40%,29% and 40%; seedling ground diameter increased by 25.6%,31.6%,36.8%,31.6% and 36.8%; the total root length increased by 149.93%,216.16%,448.12%,149.93% and 119.41%; the root surface area increased by 160.59%,160.59%,432.16%,257.48% and 432.16%; biomass increased by 3.9%,60.8%,127.3%,84.2% and 127.3%; N content increased by 12.5% to 22.6%; P content increased by 2.4% to 22.4%; K content increased by 11.7% to 40.2%; the Ca content increased by 3.2% to 23.2%; Mg content increased by 9.5% to 19.5%. According to the above indexes, we can get the result that Scleroderma citrinum Pers.and g2 are the adevantage symbiotic fungus of Castanea henryi. |
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