| Swine fever is a kind of infectious disease for pigs and wild boars. The acute cases of the disease are featured by septic change and the chronic cases by cellulose necrotizing enteritis. Pathogenic ability of virulent swine fever virus is weak on rabbits while that of attenuated swine fever virus is stronger. Its pathogenic virus CSFV is sensitive to acid, base and heat, illustrating that 2% sodium hydroxide could be an optimal disinfectant. This disease is mainly transmitted, persistent infection in direct contact. In addition, swine fever often causes followed up paratyphoid and pasteurellosis. And becomes a serious epidemic disease severely threatening pig breading industry.Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD) is a kind of zoonosis infecting artiodactyls caused by FMD virus. The disease has a wide host range and can infect up to more than thirty species of animals; the spread speed is fast, through respiratory tract, digestive tract, damaged mucosal, skin, etc. It can spread among different species; pandemically in most cases.The prevalence of this disease has certain seasonal differences; the majority of the diseased animals have tigroid heart.High pathogenic PRRS is an infectious diseases that pigs are as the only natural host, which mainly infringes pregnant sows and piglets within one month and is caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. This disease damages the immune system, causing serious reproductive disorders and respiratory symptoms, and finally leading to other pathogen invasion to form mixed infection which was one of the main epidemic diseases in large-scale pig farms.Avian influenza caused by AIV is a kind of infectious disease with sudden occurence and rapid spreading speed in the form of local pandemic or epidemic manner. High pathogenic bird flu is tharacterized by symptoms in digestive and respiratory tracts, the decreased laying rate, high fever and mortality rate. This disease may occur in a whole year,especially late autumn,spring and winter, due to selenium deficiency. It has been classified as Class-A infectious disease by OIE and as Class-I animal epidemic disease by our country, which threatens the poultry industry around our country and even the whole world.According to Animal Epidemic Prevention Law of the People’s Republic of China and relevant regulations of Ministry of Agriculture, our country has classified the four epidemic diseases above, which seriously endanger people’s health and the development of breeding industry, as compulsory vaccination animal diseases. Thus, this study investigated four epidemic diseases that seriously threaten the development of animal husbandry in Baicheng City.Prevalence state and immune effects of the four epidemic diseases of 2014-2015 in Baicheng were studied by filling forms, reading archives, telephone inquiries, and serological test. In year 2014-2015, there was no occurrence of the four epidemic diseases in Baicheng region, the immunization rate of livestock and poultry reached 100%, the immune qualified rate was more than 85% which exceeded 70% the state level, and the immune conditions were expected. But by directing titers of different immune antibody, the qualified rate of the large-scale feeding farms was extremely higher than free-range farms.There was significant difference in qualified rate among different breeds and regions.The immune qualified rate of epidemic diseases in autumn was higher than that in spring.Relevant prevention and control recommendations were suggested based on the above results, which lays a foundation for studying diseases further and provides references for preventing and controling the epidemic diseases. |
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