Study On Occurrence Regularity And Control Techniques Of Grape Grey Mould In Protected Cultivation In Taer Basin Of Xinjiang

Objective:In Taer Basin, Xinjiang, facility grape was the important source of the income of fruit farmers. In recent years, grape grey mould occurred extensively. In general years, economic losses were between 5%-20%, at severe time, loss was more than 80%, even grape shed was damaged. Grey mould has become the main obstruction of facility grape production. The topic mainly investigates the occurrence regularity of facility grape grey mould in the area and discusses the prevention and control technology suitable for the area, so as to safeguard the healthy development of facility grape industry and farmers’income-increasing ability in Taer Basin, Xinjiang.Methods:to conduct systematic investigation on the occurrence condition of grey mold by area, variety and part during the facility grape’s growth period in Tacheng-Emin basin, and capture the grey mold pathogens with the aid of pathogens spore capture instrument to identify the occurrence rule of facility grape grey mold in Tacheng-Emin basin. Meanwhile, a structured investigation was also carried out on the influence of trimming, cleansing of diseased plants, blossom and fruit thinning, intercropping and mulching in the planting management measures on the facility grape grey mold. The plate confrontation cultivation and mycelia growth inhibition method were adopted indoors to determine the inhibition and toxicity of every test chemical to grape grey mold mycelia. For the selected chemicals indoors, the field spraying method was employed to measure those chemicals’prevention and control effect on the grape grey mold.Results:The initial outbreak period of grey mold disease in Tacheng-Emin basin was in the middle of April, while the fast growth period was from the late April to the middle of May, and from the late June to the early July, and the slow growth period was from the late May to the middle of June with the peak period arriving in the late July. According to the pathogens spore capture instrument, it was discovered that the grape grey mold pathogens reaches the maximum amount in the early July, so the peak period of grape grey mold pathogens occurrence was ahead of the disease peak period.The various methods in the planting management measures all had influence on the occurrence of grape grey mold, as the result showed that the morbidity of grape grey mold by trimming the branches and leaves of the plant is 45 percent of those without trimming;the cleansing of diseased plants could effective reduce the accumulation ofBotrytis cinerea and the probability of infection among the grapes; the blossom and fruit thinning had weak influence on the periods from blossom to young fruits, yet the influence became obvious after the fruit swelling period and the morbidity could be postponed. The inter-planting vegetables with the facility grape aggravate the occurrence of grape grey mold to varying degrees. The whole plastic-film mulching in lines of facility grapes could effectively lower the occurrence of grey mold. Therefore, the ecological control measures could effectively delay the occurrence grape grey mold.15 types of fungicide provided for screening test in laboratory had inhibition effect to the grape grey mold. The result showed that 40% pyrimethanil SC had significant effection to inhibit the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea than others fungicide, followed by 10% difenoconazole WG. The greenhouse trial showed that 40% pyrimethanil SC and 50% cyprodinil WG had a btter control effection among the recommended test 7 fungicides, control effection was 91.85% and 85.77%, respectively.Conclusion:in this area, the initial outbreak period of grey mold disease was in the middle of April, while the peak period was arriving in the late July. Among the various planting measures, trimming the branches and leaves, cleansing the diseased plant and whole plastic-film mulching could effectively lower the occurrence of grape grey mold; the temperature and humidity control in the greenhouse as well as blossom and fruit thinning could effectively postpone the occurrence of grey mold; intercropping aggravates the occurrence degree of grape grey mold. Based on the indoor chemical trials and outdoor trials results, pyrimethanil SC, cyprodinil WG had signifcant affection to control grap grey mold in greenhouse.