1.Establishment Of Detecting Method Based On Aptamers For K562 Cells And A Prelimilary Studies In Dignosis For CML 2.The Relation Of CytochromeP450 Polymorphism And Antiplatelet Efficiency Of Clopidogrel: A Meta-analysis

Objective To establish a detecting method based on DNA aptamers effectively used for chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and its application on clinical dignosis of CML.Methods In this study, aptamers that recognizing chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells, the double points binding assay and biotin-streptavidin beads methods were used for establishing a specific detecting method for K562 cells.Results The aptamers could recognize K562 cells apart from HL-60 and NB-4cells with high affinity[(0.50±0.12); (0.51±0.13); (0.52±0.13); (0.50±0.12) and (0.49±0.12)μM]. The results showed that there were very significant difference(p<0.01) in the fluorescence intensity between experimental group(K562 cells), control group(HL-60 and NB-4 cells) and control group (no cells), however, there was no difference between HL-60 or NB-4 cells group and no cells group. The K562 cells treated with proteinase K were showed lower fluorescence intensity than ones not treated. This result showed that the targets binded by apatamers may be consisted some protein material. And our studies demonstrated that the method can detect K562 cells with very low detection threshold and high sensitivity. Preliminary clinical results showed that the clinical blood samples of CML patients, diagnosed by the gold standard, were detected the fluorescence intensity with the aptamer method. The under curve area was 0.677. The sensitivity was 83.33% and the specificity was 50%. However, there were many limitations in clinical dignosis for CML.Conclusion This method of molecular diagnosis of CML has many social and economic returns. It could also provide a new method of isolation of matters in the cells membrane of K562 and method of diagnosis and molecular imagining for other cell line of cancers. However, there were many limitations in clinical dignosis for CML. Objective:Clopidogrel, a prodrug, must be activated by hepatic cytochrome P450 isoenzymes before acting antiplatelet function. The polymorphisms of them play a great role in the process of activation. Therefore, we aimed to assess antiplatelet efficiency for patients using clopidogrel.Methodology:A comprehensive electronic search was carried out up until April 2009 and 8 independent studies with a maximum of 1538 cases and 4413 controls were analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.0 software.Results:Eight studies met the included criteria. There was statistically significant differences between loss-of-function CYP2C19 (GA or AA) and wild genotype(GG) for the response status to clopidogrel:the fixed effects odds ratio(OR) was 0.23 (95% confidence interval(CI):0.13 to 0.40); for the plasma concentration levels of clopidogrel:the random effects OR was -17.38(95% CI:-25.59 to -9.16); for the platelet reactivity index of clopidogrel:the random effects OR was 14.35 (95% CI: 2.92 to 25.77); for the definite stent thrombosis (ST):the fixed effects OR was 3.58 (95% CI:2.11 to 6.08); for death of patients:the fixed effects OR was 3.68 (95% CI:1.87 to 7.43); however, there was no statistically significant differences between GA or AA and GG for myocardial infarction (MI):the fixed effects OR was 1.25 (95% CI:0.96 to 1.64).Conclusions:The presence of the loss-of-function CYP2C19 is associated with low plasma concentration, response status and antiplatelet efficacy of clopidogrel and indicators of efficacy except for MI in patients using clopidogrel as antiplatelet agent.