| Background and objectiveThe fourth of esophageal cancer in tumor death,our country is one of the highest incidence of a disease. Invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer is the leading cause of death in patients,so the main factors related to esophageal cancer development have become the research important topic.The occurrence of esophageal cancer through epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and infiltrating carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma process steps, such as phase, at the molecular level involves many proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and protein changes. The transfer of esophageal cancer is a multi-step, a variety of factors, the process of a series of pathophysiological reactions, including pathway abnormalities, cell overgrowth, movement, adhesion and extracellular matrix degradation, etc.Tumor metastasis disappeared (missing in metastasis, MIM) gene is a new discovered, also known as tumor metastasis suppressor gene, its coded protein that MIM protein. Zinc finger transcription factor (Glil/Gli2) is the downstream of the Smo protein transcription factor that plays a key role in Shh pathway, affect the development of tumor. Gene metalloproteinases9(marixmetallproteinase-9, MMP-9) is the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS) is one of the members of this family, also called IV collagenase, biodegradable, destroy the tumor cell surface basement membrane and extracellular matrix to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. The study found that the MIM, Glil and MMP-9in all play an important role in tumor development. Three in esophageal tissue correlation research, literature have not been reported so far. This study using immunohistochemical SP method and in situ hybridization, respectively,65cases of esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues and30cases of atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma and65cases of normal esophageal mucosa tissues of MIM, Glil and MMP-9protein and mRNA expression level, to explore the relationship between its and esophageal cancer invasion and metastasis, and the relationship between the three.Materials and methods1. Using immunohistochemical SP method to detect65cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and30cases of atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma and65cases of normal esophageal mucosa tissues of MIM, Glil and MMP-9protein expression.2. By in situ hybridization method to detect65cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and30cases of atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma and65cases of normal esophageal mucosa tissues of MIM, Glil and MMP-9mRNA expression.3. Statistical processing:using SPSS13.0software, the chi-square test, and use the Spearman correlation analysis. Inspection level of alpha=0.05.Results1. The MIM protein and mRNA positive expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was75.0%(49/65),69.2%(45/65), positive expression in the atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma was43.3%(13/30),36.7%(11/30), positive expression in normal esophageal mucosa tissues were13.8%(9/65),15.3%(10/65), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05).2. Glil protein and mRNA positive expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was69.2%(45/65),63.1%(41/65), positive expression in the atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma was26.7%(8/30),23.3%(7/30), positive expression in normal esophageal mucosa tissues were12.3%(8/65),9.2%(6/65), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05).3. The MMP-9protein and mRNA positive expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was61.5%(40/65),58.5%(38/65), positive expression in the atypical hyperplasia tissue adjacent to carcinoma was33.3%(10/30),16.7%(5/30), positive expression in normal esophageal mucosa tissues were16.9%(11/65),12.3%(8/65), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05).4. Correlation analysis was conducted between the expression and the expression of mRNA protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma MIM, they showed positive correlation (γ=0.407, P<0.05). Correlation analysis was conducted between the expression and the expression of mRNA protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Gli1, they showed positive correlation (γ=0.346,P<0.05). Correlation analysis was conducted between the expression and the expression of mRNA protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma MMP-9, they showed positive correlation (γ=0.330,P<0.05).5. The MIM group in the infiltration of serosa layer of the positive expression rate was87.8%(36/42), significantly higher than the infiltration of deep muscularis group66.7%(10/15) and shallow muscularis group37.5%(3/8), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05). MIM protein positive expression in group without lymph node metastasis rate was67.4%(29/43), the positive expression rate in group with lymph node metastasis was90.9%(20/22), there are significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). MIM protein expression and esophageal cancer patient’s age, gender and the mode of growth has nothing to do (P>0.05).6. Gli1protein in the infiltration of serosa layer group the positive expression rate was78.6%(33/42), significantly higher than the infiltration from deep muscularis group60.0%(9/15) and shallow muscularis group37.5%(3/8), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05). Gli1protein positive expression in group without lymph node metastasis rate was60.4%(26/43), the positive expression rate in group with lymph node metastasis was86.4%(19/22), there are significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). Gli1protein expression and esophageal cancer patient’s age, gender and the mode of growth has nothing to do (P>0.05).7. MMP-9protein in the infiltration of serosa layer group the positive expression rate was73..8%(31/42), significantly higher than the infiltration of deep muscularis group46.7%(7/15) and shallow muscularis group25.0%(2/8), there is significant difference between three groups (P<0.05). MMP-9protein positive expression in group without lymph node metastasis rate was58.1%(25/43), the positive expression rate in group with lymph node metastasis was68.2%(15/22), there are significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). The expression of MMP-9protein with esophageal cancer patients age, sex and growth way has nothing to do (P>0.05).8. Correlation analysis was conducted between the expression of MIM, Glil, MMP-9protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, positive correlation between the three (γ=0.530,γ=0.545, γ=0.577, P<0.05)9. Correlation analysis was conducted between the expression of MIM, Glil, MMP-9and mRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, positive correlation between the three (γ=0.460, γ=0.568, γ=0.490, P<0.05)Conclusion1. The MIM, Glil and MMP-9high expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, may be associated with the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.2. The MIM, Glil and MMP-9expression was a positive correlation between the three possible synergy effect in the process of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. |
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