I Study Of Status And Influencing Factors Of Accidental Injuries Of Preschool Children In Lin’an

Objectives To understand the status of current knowledge and behavioral level of preschool children’s parents in Lin’an; to analyze the relationship between child’s age, sex, parents’demographics characteristics, parenting styles, knowledge and behavior for preventing accidental injuries and accidental injuries of preschool children; to know the needs and willingness of parents for accidental injuries’ knowledge; to make clear the key contents and target population in health education; and to provide references for effective health education and intervention.Methods Random cluster stratification sampling was used. Six kindergartens were randomly selected in six areas of Lin’an. One bottom class, one middle class and one top class in each selected kindergarten were randomly selected. A total of487parents were investigated in the18selected classes. Self-designed "Questionnaire on knowledge of accidental injuries of children" was used as the tool to investigate parents uniformly.Results1. Prevalence of accidental injuries:487parents were investigated in this study and451valid questionnaires were obtained. The prevalence of accidental injuries was38.6%, among which39.3%in boys and37.7%in girls. Among174children who had accidental injuries,65.4%occurred once with34.6%more than once. The places of occurrence from most to least successively were at home (55.3%), on the road (14.1%), activity sites outside schools (14.1%), kindergarten (13.6%) and others (2.9%). The top five of types of accidental injuries were falls, sprains and dislocations (54.8%), burns (27.6%), sharp cuts (8.5%), foreign body aspiration (5.1%) and traffic accidents (4.0%).2. Situation of accidental injury knowledge level among parents:The mean score about knowledge was33.3; the mean score about behavioral knowledge was61.5.The items about preventive knowledge with correct proportion lower than60%included: nuts food such as sunflower seeds and peanuts shouldn’t be given to children (37.4%); children shouldn’t be left in the kitchen alone (59.8%). The items about emergency knowledge with correct proportion lower than60%included:be capable of providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (12.7%); separate children from the scene immediately under the situation of gas poisoning (22.6%); be aware of and capable of giving first aid when facing foreign body in airpassage (22.7%); correctly handle children’s misuse of drugs or toxic substances (23.4%); correctly congestion ecchymosis caused by trauma (55.4%); fix the fracture parts firstly when fracture happens (45.1%).3. Situation of preventive behavior against accidental injury of parents:The items with correct proportion lower than60%included:never feed children nuts food (15.7%); special child chairs are available (26.9%); basic first-aid topical drugs are available at home (29.4%); detergents are put in places out of children’s reach (52.3%); the nose and mouth of the child are put outside of the quilt when sleeping (57.2%).4. Logistic regression model of accidental injury knowledge of parents showed that parents with the older of the children, the higher score of preventive behavior, had the history of accidental injury of children and whose parenting style was patient persuasion, had higher score of knowledge.5. Logistic regression model of preventive behavior against accidental injury of parents indicated that parents with higher level of education of mothers, the higher score of knowledge, had the history of accidental injury of children and whose parenting style was patient persuasion, had higher score of preventive behavior.6. Ways to obtain knowledge of parents:the main sources of parents’knowledge were books and magazines (53.5%), TV (2.8%) and Internet (48.1%). Only38.4%and28.4%of the parents accessed knowledge from dissemination of the hospitals and communities respectively. Only12.8%of the parents obtain knowledge from home visits of the medical staff. It indicated that parents lacked systematic, comprehensive and professional health education of accidental injury knowledge.67.5%,65.5%and21.9%of the parents hoped to get relevant knowledge from dissemination of hospitals, communities and home visits, respectively, which indicated that there were huge demands for accessing relevant knowledge from professionals.7.The willingnessof parents voluntarily participating in accidental injury programs was high.94.2%of the451investigated parents expressed their willingness to participate in these health education programs.Conclusion The prevalence of accidental injury of preschool children was high. which was related to insufficient accidental injury knowledge, inadequate awareness and bad behavior related to accidental injury of parents. The current health education service doesn’t meet the needs of children’s parents. Relevant institutions and health providers should strengthen preventive work targeting accidental injury. Health education programs should be conducted in accordance to influencing factors. Knowledge and behavioral levels of parents should be paid more attention to promote the changes of bad behaviors of the parents and to prevent the occurrence of accidental injuries of children.