Study On The Influence Of High Temperature And Noise On Occupational Groups’ Blood Pressure In Large Steel Enterprises

Objectives Worldwide, the prevalence of hypertension is always rising, has become oneof the important public health problem.The nationwide four times of hypertension surveydata show that Chinese adults’ prevalence of hypertension by half a century ago was about5%, in the early1900s about11.3%, about18.8%in2002. Hypertension in the sequence ofthe burden of disease and the cause of death in our country are in the lead. In the steelindustry, occupational workers long-term exposed to occupational hazardous agents suchas heat, noise, etc, energy consumption is bigger when working and there is a certainmental stress, leading to the abnormal changes of blood pressure. In this research, throughthe measurement of heat stress and noise in the workplace of the Steel Group, the healthinvestigation and blood pressure measurement were conducted to occupational workers.We analyzed the impact of heat and noise on the blood pressure of occupational workers,to provide a scientific basis for effectively controlling the occupational hazards of high-temperature and noise,and protection occupational health.Methods1Research subjects In a certain steel enterprise, on the basis of occupationalhealth examination,758male workers combined exposed to high-temperature and noisemore than1year were selected as joint group,354male workers simply exposed to high-temperature were selected as heat group,346male workers simply exposed to noise wereselected as noise group,410male workers of administrative management and logistics inthe same enterprise were selected as control group.2The health investigation and bloodpressure measurement Uniform questionnaire was conducted to survey research subjectsface to face on the study. Contents including the history of occupational, personal basicsituation, history of smoking and drinking, diet and history of disease, etc. Using clinicblood pressure measurement, the average of resting, non-drug condition2timesconsecutive blood pressure measurement as the basis.3Measurement of heat stress andnoise in the workplace According GBZ2.2-2007“occupational exposure limits forhazardous agents in the workplace” for heat stress and noise measurement.4Statisticalanalysis Establishing a database, was analyzed by SPSS17.0statistical software. Analysisof variance and Chi-square test,trend Chi-square test, Binary Logistic Regression wereused to analyze the influence factors of blood pressure.Results1The general situation The prevalence of high-normal blood pressure of heatgroup (52.8%), noise (49.1%) and control group (48.1%) were higher than in the jointgroup (44.6%); the prevalence of hypertension of joint group (42.7%), noise (34.1%), heat(33.6%) were higher than that of control group (32.9%) respectively, and the prevalence ofhypertension of joint group was higher than noise and heat group.In four groups, with theincrease of age、length of service、BMI、smoking、drinking, prevalence of high-normalblood pressure was gradually decreased, and prevalence of hypertension was increased.Workers exposure to heat and noise, with the increase of temperature and the cumulative noise, prevalence of high-normal blood pressure was gradually decreased, and prevalenceof hypertension was increased. The prevalence of high-normal blood pressure of shiftworkers was higher than non-shift workers.The prevalence of hypertension in workers withdizziness or headache, history of hypertension was obviously higher than that of workerswith no such symptoms and family history.2Logistic regression analysis High-normalblood pressure analysis results showed: the prevalence risk of high-normal blood pressureof shift workers was1.93times than non-shift. When BMI was24～27.99，the prevalencerisk was1.81times than lower24. When BMI was over28, then the prevalence risk was4.49times than lower24. Hypertension analysis results showed: the prevalence risk ofhypertension would increase1.05times when the age rise per one years old among theworkers, would increase1.04times when the length of service rise per one years.Whenworkers exposed to heat over30℃, the prevalence risk of hypertension was1.99timesthan lower25.When workers exposed to noise, the prevalence risk of hypertension among85～89.9dB(A) was1.45times than lower85, over90dB(A) was1.78times than lower85. When BMI was24～27.99，the prevalence risk was1.71times than lower24. WhenBMI was over28, then the prevalence risk was3.93times than lower24. The prevalencerisk of hypertension of drinking lower100g was1.62times than non-drinkers,drinking100～249g was2.60times than non-drinkers. The prevalence risk of hypertension inworkers with dizziness or headache was1.44times than than that of workers without suchsymptoms. The prevalence risk of hypertension of the family history was about2.54timesthan without the family history.Conclusions1Among the occupational groups in steel enterprises, the risk factors ofhypertension include age、length of service、exposure to heat and noise、BMI、drinking、headache and dizziness and the family history of hypertension.2When theoccupational workers exposed to heat and noise, with the increase of temperature and thecumulative noise, prevalence risk of hypertension was gradually rise.3Among theoccupational groups in steel enterprises, with the increase of age、length of service、BMI、drinking, prevalence risk of hypertension was gradually risk.4Among theoccupational groups in steel enterprises, the risk factors of high-normal blood pressureinclude shift、BMI、smoking.