Study On The Chemical Constituents Of Herba Commelinae And Fructus Xanthii

This paper includes two parts, one is for the study of the chemical composition of HerbaCommelinae, and the other is for the study of the chemical composition of Fructus Xanthii.Commelina communis L. is a plant belonging to the Commelina genus of Commelinaceae andwidely distributed in China, mainly in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces. Crude drug HerbaCommelinae, is the whole aerial herb from Commelina communis L., it has the function ofexpelling wind, promoting diuresis, clearing heat, cooling blood and detoxification, mainlycures malignant malaria, chills and fever, edema, oliguria, fever, sore throat and so on. In orderto make the traditional Chinese medicine Herba Commelinae to be widely used in clinical andachieve the maximize effects as well as minimum adverse reactions, the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Commelina communis L. has been reported.Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder belongs to Compositae family and genus Xanthium L．It iswidely distributed throughout the world. Crude drug Fructus Xanthii is the fruits from the plant,it is often used to treat rheumatism, headache, rubella, and other diseases. However, FructusXanthii is also highly toxic, the use of excessive or improper process is easy to lead topoisoning, even to death.In the first plant, further phytochemical study of Commelina communis L. afforded20compounds. The compounds were identified to be:1,2-dihydro-6,8-dimethoxy-7-1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-N1,N2-bis-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,3-naphthalenedicarboxamide (CC-1),(E)-N-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-acrylamide(CC-2), methyl gallate (CC-3),3-carboxyl indole (CC-4), β-sitosterol (CC-5),p-hydroxybenzoic acid (CC-6), p-coumaric acid (CC-7), β-daucosterol (CC-8), protocatechuicacid (CC-9), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (CC-10), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (CC-11),isoquercitrin (CC-12),4,4’-dihydroxy-3,3’-dimethoxy-β-truxinic acid (CC-13), isovitexin(CC-14),(7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9-O-β-D-glucoside (CC-15), rhaponticin(CC-16), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CC-17), isofurcatain (CC-18),2-phenylethyl-β-D-glycoside (CC-19),20(S)-protopanaxatriol-6-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-20-O-(β-D-glucopyrano–side)(CC-20). Among them, compounds CC-2~CC-4, CC-6, CC-11, CC-13andCC-15~CC-20were isolated from this plant for the first time.Seven compounds are gotten from Fructus Xanthii. The compounds were identified to be:4-hydroxy-3-methoxyzimtaldehyde (FX-1), β-sitosterol (FX-2), β-daucosterol (FX-3), quercetin (FX-4), queretagetin (FX-5), methy-3,5-dicaffeoylquinate (FX-6), methyl-3,4-dicaffeoylquinate (FX-7). Except FX-2and FX-3, they were all isolated from this plant forthe first time.