| Objective: Our country which is a big country for foundry industry is leading casting production of the world. With the rapid growth of social economy in recent years, the development of China’ foundry industry has become very fast. But there are also some drawbacks, for example, management level is low, material loss, high energy consumption and serious pollution. It is likely to cause a negative impact, such as poor casting quality, environmental pollution and occupational diseases. The investigation into the occupational hazards was conducted in Shijiazhuang, hoping to study the status of the city’s foundry industry occupational hazards, explore the countermeasures to prevent and control occupational hazards of foundry industry and find the key points. To provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of occupational hazards in Shijiazhuang, the development mode, occupational health management and the implementation of occupational disease prevention plan in Hebei Province.Methods: Occupation hazards detection and occupation health examination. The data was from the business occupational hazards detection reports during 2008-2013, detection of occupational hazards over the years, foundry industry occupational health examination reports during 2011-2013. Meta-analysis of occupational hazards and occupational health checks’ results of 818 employers and 41 foundry enterprises. In accordance with the relevant national standards unified determination results. The information was statistically analyzed by SPSSl3.0 software.Results:1 The 41 surveyed foundry enterprises have occupational health management organization, part of the occupational health management. 19.5% of the foundry business occupational health management system is not perfect, and in the absence of such an emergency rescue plan for the various causes of acute chemical incidents. There was no personal protective equipment worn by the supervision and inspection records. The companies were not equipped occupational hazard monitoring equipment, and they did not implement routine monitoring. 90.2% of the foundry enterprises whose Chinese warning label instructions to set up is not complete.2 There are 35 kinds of occupational hazards present in the workplace of foundry enterprises, including 8 dust, 23 kinds of chemical harmful factors, 4 physical factors. Foundry were detected 1195 harmful operating point, including 910 co-labeled detection point, the rate of co-labeled is 76.2%. Among them, 346 dust detection point, combined standard test point 172, combined standard rate 49.7%; Chemical Toxicology Testing 584 points, 551 points combined standard test, combined standard rate of 94.3%; physical factors checkpoint 265, Conformity 187 test points, combined standard rate 70.6%. There were 29473 harmful points in the 818 companies. There were 26693 conformity checkpoint(conformity rate 90.6%).Among them, there were 4013 dust detection points, including 3530 co-labeled detection point(conformity rate 88.0%). There were 19264 chemical poison detection points, including 18471 co-labeled detection point(conformity rate 95.9%). There were 6196 physical factors checkpoints, including 4692 co-labeled detection point(conformity rate 75.7%).3 Shijiazhuang City foundry enterprises detect overall pass rate than other industries. Foundry dust qualified rate than other industries. There was not statistically significant chemical factors qualified rate between of casting and other industries. Foundry physical factors qualified rate than other industries. Shijiazhuang City Foundry dust detection data, accounting for 57.2% of silica dust, other dust accounted for 19.1%, 13.3% of welding fumes, others 10.4%. Silica dust, the qualified rate were 20.7%, whose rate was lower than other types of dust. The detection passing rate of with sand, molding, casting, sand dust off was lowest among Foundry process/job in Shijiazhuang, the rate was 8.3%, 15.2%, 20.0%, 21.1%. They were significantly lower than other maching processes, smelting / post. Welding jobs dust qualified rate was significantly higher than with sand, modeling, casting, shakeout, sandblasting, sand cleanup, polish, blasting and other processes / jobs.4 The occupational hazards detection points increase each year during 2008-2013 in Shijiazhuang. 2008-2013 Foundry dust qualified rate changed a little.5 A total of 5419 staff Foundry healthy results contain 18 occupational diseases, 31 career contraindications, 60 observed objects.Conclusions:1 The existence of occupational health management casting a lot less. The occupational health management system of foundry enterprises is not perfect. The companies were not equipped occupational hazard monitoring equipment, and they did not implement routine monitoring. Some foundry enterprises whose Chinese warning label instructions to set up is not complete. It should enhance the emphasis on occupational health work. We should provide the working environment which meets the requirement for the majority of workers.2 There were differences of qualified rate of occupational hazards of different enterprises: Foundry dust detection qualified rate was lower than other enterprises. Foundry dust detection qualified rate was significantly lower than the chemical factors and physical factors. There were differences casting enterprises of different types of dust, silica dust qualified rate than other types of dust. Foundry different process / operations are different jobs dust test results. With sand, molding, casting, sand dust off, the qualified rate is lower than other processes / jobs.3 Shijiazhuang Foundry 2011-2013 occupational health examination results show that, the occupational hazards in the foundry industry occupational health damage is mainly the dust. Hot key personnel in the post workers are being detected in the foundry industry professional contraindications. The abnormal test results are mainly two or three hypertension. Modeling work, smelting workers and workers with sand whose health is most likely damaged is the focus of the observed object of occupational health surveillance work.4 There were differences of detection rate of occupational contraindication of foundry enterprises during 2011-2013. 2012-2013 Occupational contraindication detection rate is lower than in 2011. It prompted the city’ occupational health surveillance has played a certain effect. Enterprises pay attention to the degree of occupational health is improving. |
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