| Objective: As the infection of AIDS spreads from high risk population to general people, the number of women infected with AIDS has grown rapidly in recent years. The fact that more and more young women are infected with AIDS has increased the possibility of mother-to-child transmission. The better have we done the job of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV(PMTCT) the fewer children get the chance of being infected. Liangshan prefecture is one of the most serious areas of AIDS epidemic in Sichuan province and we launched a research on the Status quo of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in this area. We investigate the possible factors related to mother-to-child transmission of HIV and provide feasible suggestions to government agencies involving AIDS prevention and control policy. By doing this we hope to help the local government carry out strong steps to reduce mother-to-child AIDS transmission rate. Methods: According to existing data concerning the numbers and distribution of pregnant women infected with Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) in 17 counties of Liangshan prefecture, we launched a sampling survey to the infected women between years 2012-2014 in these counties. We designed a list of questionnaire called “Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV and Final Condition of InfectedMothers and Children in Liangshan Prefecture” and collected answers from 200 HIV infected women by means of random equidistant sampling way. The data we got include the subjects’ basic demographic characteristics, their infection conditions, the Maternal care and Delivery situation, adoption of Anti-HIV drugs by mothers and newborn children, infant feeding way, condition of sick babies, follow-up and HIV test results, and so on. We analyzed all these data by using descriptive analysis, inspection and Fisher’s exact probability method. Results: Among the 200 subjects, 55.5% are 20-29 years old, 95% are peasants, 76.5% are illiterate or semi-literate, 92.5% are of Yi nationality, 80.0% think sex is the most possible way to be infected, 63.5% think their husbands or boyfriends are responsible for their infection, 11.0% think their infection is due to multiple sex partners, 71.8% have not taken any contraception measures, 29.7% have the first prenatal examination in mid trimester(19 weeks on average) while 53.4% do that in last trimester(29 weeks on average), 62.0% have prenatal examination less than 5 times while 26.0% never have any examination, 38.0% are confirmed infected with HIV before pregnancy while 43.0% confirmed at or after delivery, 86.5% choose to delivery in hospital while 12.0% at home, 89.0% choose vaginal delivery, 74.5% take antiviral drugs among which 54.4% in mid trimester and 36.2% during delivery, 86.5% have not made the last CD4+cell count before pregnancy, 95.5% have not made the last viral load, 89.0% newborn children Use drugs while 78.0% of them take drugs within 6 hours after birth, 97% pregnant women and 98% newbornchildren have not taken SMZ, 50.0‰ newborn children die after birth, 95.5% newborn children get artificial feeding, 81.0% newborn children have HIV examination while 74.0% and 7.0% of them are negative and positive respectively, early diagnostic rate is about 80.2%. Baby survival rate, feeding situation, health condition, weight and height evaluation and other related factors have statistics meaning for Mother-to-child transmission of HIV(P<0.05). Conclusion: 1. Most of the 200 subjects are 20-29 years old, peasants, illiterate and with low income. 2. They get infected mainly by means of sex, take little protection measures and get pregnant many times after infection. 3. They seldom take examinations and examine late if ever do so. They are confirmed of infection late and get treated late also. 4. Most of them give birth in hospital and by means of vaginal delivery. They seldom get obstetric invasive operation. 5. They take antiviral drugs late and few will do so. They seldom make CD4+cell count and viral load examination. 6. Most newborn children take antiviral drugs early and regularly. 7. SMZ has not been widely used. 8. Newborn children are difficult to be located and checked and their feeding condition needs to be improved. Children’s growth and development are at a medium level and more attention should be paid to newborn children’s death rate. 9. Newborn children’s early diagnosis needs to be strengthened and HIV detection rate be improved. Suggestions: 1. To enhance propaganda and education so as to locate the infected women earlier. To monitor infected women regularly in order to reduce unwilling pregnancy. 2. To completewomen and children health network and promote multi section cooperation in order to raise early examination rate and health care quality and increase antiviral drugs using rate and drug testing. 3. To choose appropriate feeding way and emphasize simple artificial feeding. To enhance regular visit, make early examination and antibody detection so as to lower the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. |
PDF Full Text Request