| Cordyceps militaris also know as north Cordyceps sinensis, has receved considerable attention in recent years due to the recognition that it has biological effects with health-stimulating properties and medicinal effects. It contains many bioactive components such as cordyceps polysaccharides, cordycepin, cordycepic acid. Polysaccharide from C. militaris has significant bioactive properties including stimulating the immune system, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation. Cordyceps taishanensis is a kind of natural wild Cordyceps militaris which is one of precious resources of Taishan Mountain. It belongs to Ascomycota, Pyrenomycetes, Clavicipitales, Clavicipitaceae, Cordyceps. Until now, there are no considerable attention to Cordyceps taishanensis polysaccharide(CTP) and its bioactive properties, therefore, it is important to deeply study the bioactive properties for development and applacation of Cordyceps taishanensis and CTP.In the study, fruiting bodys of Cordyceps taishanensis were first obtained by high-yielding cultural techniques, and then used to extract and purify CTP. Finally, the purified CTP was gived to mice by gavage to study its bioactive properties. Sixty Kunming male mice were randomly divided into five groups including one control group, one cyclophosphamide(CY) model group and three different doses of CTP treatment groups. The mice of control group and CY model group were administrated with distilled water, and each mouse of the three CTP treatment groups was given polysaccharide of C. taishanensis at the dose of 100 mg/kg·bw, 200 mg/kg·bw and 300 mg/kg·bw, respectively. After 19 successive days, the mice of control group were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, and the mice of the other four groups were intraperitoneally injected with CY at the dose of 100 mg/kg·bw at the 20 th day. Twenty-four hour after injection, each mouse was weighed and kelled after blood sample collecting by eyeball enucleation. And then, the killed mice were dissected and the samples of contens of cecum, spleen and thymus were collected. The bioactive properties of CTP on immunosuppressed mice were studied by detecting intestinal microflora using traditional culture mehtod and high throughput sequencing, by determining protein content in serum(total proteins, albumin and globulin), by detecting antioxidant levels in vivo and by detecting immune organ index. The results were as follows:(1) The culture results of four mice intestinal bacteria showed that the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were significantly increased, and the number of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the three CTP groups compared with the CY model group. And the 16 S rDNA high throughput sequencing results shows that the species richness and diversity of intestinal microflora in the three CTP groups were better than in the CY model group. And the number of the mice intestinal benefical bacteria belongs to Firmicutes in the three CTP groups was higher than in the CY model group, and the number of the mice intestinal harmful bacteria belongs to Bacterioideted in the three CTP groups was lower than in the CY model group. Therefore, CTP could regulate intestinal flora disturbance caused by CY.(2) The amount of intestinal mucosal SIgA in CY model group was reduced significantly(P<0.01) compared with the control group, and the amount of SIgA in the three different doses of CTP groups was increased significantly(P<0.01) to CY model group. This means that CTP could also antagonize CY-induced damage of intestinal mucosal immunity to a certain extent by promoting secretion of SIgA.(3) The contents of total proteins(TP), albumin(ALB) and globulin(GLO) in serum and immune organ index of CY model group were significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.01). The contents of TP, ALB and GLO in serum and immune organ index of three CTP groups were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01) comparing to the CY model group. The results indicated that CTP could significantly increase protein content in serum and reduce the damage to liver function of immunosuppressive mice induced by CY.(4) Compared with the CY model group, the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in erythrocytes and catalase(CAT) in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), meanwhile the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in erythrocytes was decreased significantly(P<0.01) in the three CTP treatment groups. It suggested that CTP could improve antioxidant activity of CY-induced immunosuppressive mice to a certain extent. |
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