| Objective: To explore the Impaction of decompressive craniectomy on behavioral and normal brains in CD1 mice over time. Provide theoretical foundation for skull defects patient prognosis and effective individualized treatment plan of when to do cranioplasty.Methods: Totally 45 CD1 mice were randomly divided into normal control group, DC group,which were all clean and adult male with the weight of 35g-45 g. 15 mice were classified into the normal control group, undertaking no operation and accepting regular breeding. DC group consists of 30 mice as well, underwent decompressive craniectomy operation only. 5 same mice in every group were rated by neuroethology human raters after respective intervention’s 1 hour, 24 hours, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days. DC group went through open field test before and after respective intervention’s 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days except normal control group. DC group went through the elevated plus maze after respective intervention’s 28 days and barnes maze after respective intervention’s 28 days. Measure the water content of brain by wet and dry weight method. Each 3 mice in DC group were put to death to weigh wet brain after respective intervention’s 12 hours, 1day, 3days, 5days, 7days. Dry weight was measured after another 48 hours at 65 ℃ oven except normal control group. Immunohistochemical method was adopted to observe GFAP and Neu N antibodies’ expression in each group’s mice cerebral cortex. Each 5 mice in every group were put to death before being perfusing by Paraformaldehyde and carried out the immunohistochemical experiment after respective intervention’s 7 days, 14 days, 28 days. Analysis images by pathology image analysis system of image processing software image-pro plus 6.0. Use SPSS 21.0 software to obtain statistical data and then observe the changes in cerebral cortex.Results: 1 general observationNormal control group’s mice ate and drank smoothly in a good mental state with flexible extremities, increasing weight gradually as feeding time estended.Some individuals in DC group were drowsy after revival from anesthesia while the majority performed basically normal. DC group’s action flexibility declined slightly after intervention’s 2 weeks, while their appetite and spirit also faded to normal control group. 2 Behavioral science test 2.1 Neurological Severity ScoresDC group scored more than normal control group with statistical difference( F=35.799,P<0.05).DC group ’s mean gradually declined along time, 21 d fell to the lowest point, 28 d from its increased slightly. 2.2 Open field testThe average velocity: it gradually declined along time.The peripheral regional activity time: DC group’s 7d、14d was lower than before the intervention, 21d、28d higher than that.The central regional activity time: it gradually declined along time. 2.3 Elevated plus mazeTotal numbers into the arm: there is no statistical difference between groups while mean decreased successively in DC group and normal control group.Numbers into open arms: there is no statistical difference between groups.Numbers into close arms: there is no statistical difference between groups while mean decreased successively in DC group and normal control group. 2.4 Barnes mazeTime to find the target : there is no statistical difference between groups while mean decreased successively in DC group and normal control group.The total numbers of errors: there is no statistical difference between groups while mean decreased successively in DC group and normal control group. 3 Wet and dry weightTime factors: DC group’s mean curve was in unimodal shape and the max value is 1d’s.Lp and rp contrasts: statistical differences existed on left and right side of the same brain water content in DC group(F=26.701,P<0.05) and left significantly exceeded right. 4 Immunohistochemical methodGFAP: statistical differences existed on positive cells between groups(F=243.408,P﹤0.05),DC group is higher than normal control group. DC group’s highest value was at 28 th day and second was 7th day above normal control group and 14 th day.Neu N: statistical differences existed on positive cells between groups(F=46.361,P﹤0.05), normal control group is higher than DC group.The mean sequence was 7d, 14 d, 28 d given a comparison of neun positive cells over time in DC group. All were below normal control group.Conclusions:1 Decompressive craniectomy damage the cognitive and motor ability of CD1 mice.It can reduce the damage before 21 d,but in crease the damage at 28 d.2 Decompressive craniectomy will not lead to mice is obvious anxiety status, or impaired spatial memory.3 Decompressive craniectomy cause mice cerebral edema, edema degree peaks in the 1 d.4 Surgical stress cause certain inflammatory response to the mice brain, but it has been basically eliminated at 14 d, with extended time, the inflammatory response to happen again,DC group’s positive cells namber: 28d>7d>14d.5 The neuronal death number of DC group gradually accumulate over time. |
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