Protective Effect Of Curcumin On Cadmium-induced Mice Cardical Damage And Potential Mechanism

Cardiovascular Disease(CVD) range top one of the highest mortality in worldwide currently, many reasons can lead to the occurrence of CVD, and even a very low dose of Cd2+ can cause CVD. Along with more and more serious environmental pollution problems and public attention on human health, Cd pollution and its possible deleterious effect on human health have become one of the hottest research topics.Curcumin is one of the major active ingredients in turmeric, the frequently-used Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been extracted from rootstocks of turmeric. It exhibits the ability of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory, antitumor. Moreover, it can protect the function of myocardium, and prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis.The toxicity of cadmium could interfere with the antioxidant enzyme system, change the NO concentration in endothelial cells, cause lipid metabolism disorders. Curcumin was used as a protective agent and the possible protective mechanism was discussed by testing the oxidation damage index and antioxidant parameters, NO content, trace element zinc and copper contents and lipid metabolism in heart and serum.Male mice model were constructed and divided into five groups randomly. Injury group and protective group were both intraperitoneally injected with cadmium chloride, but the protective group were also gavaged with different concentration of curcumin, 25 mg/(kg·d), 50 mg/(kg·d) and 100 mg/(kg·d), respectively. Mice were broken neck to death after 7days treatment and heart and blood were removed.1. The results of enzymatic indexes. The activities of SOD and CAT and the contents of GSH,MDA,PCO and NO were measured by spectrophotometer. These results showed that the intoxication of Cd2+ inhibited the activity of CAT(P < 0.01) and SOD(P < 0.01), decreased the content of GSH(P < 0.01), increased the contents of PCO(P<0.01), MDA(P<0.01) and NO(P<0.01). The co-treatment of cucurmin can ameliorate the reduction of GSH(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and SOD(P<0.05), and reduce the accumulation of PCO(P<0.05), MDA(P<0.05) and NO(P<0.05). The concentration of essential trace elements(zinc and copper) and cadmium ion were analyzed by atomic absorption method. The result showed that Cd2+ could significantly accumulate in hearts, interfere the metabolism of zinc and copper(P<0.01). Cucurmin can reduce the accumulation of Cd2+ in hearts and ameliorated the loss of zinc and copper. Cd2+ can break the balance between oxidant and antioxidant, change the concentrations of zinc and copper in heart, and effect normal physiological function of hearts. The treatment of cucurmin can reduce the level of NO, lipid peroxide and PCO by scavenging free radicals and increase antioxidant capacity.2.Lipid metabolism. Elisa method was applied to detect serum total cholesterol(TC), and triglyceride(TG), serum TC and TG in the injury group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05), compared with the injury group,blank group content of TC and TG decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Cardiac samples were pretreated using dimethyl phthalate(DMP) method. FAs in hearts were analyzed by GC-MS and multivariate analysis. Data from Total ion chromatogram showed that every fatty acid in samples separated obviously and no fatty acid was lost. Metabolite profile of lipids showed that normal lipid metabolite in heart were broken by the intoxication of Cd2+, but the protection of cucurmin can inhibit metabolic disorders. As a result, application of lipidomics to study cardiac damage induced by Cd2+ is available.The intoxication of cadmium on heartdisturbed the cardiac oxidant-antioxidant balance, influenced the concentration of essential elements, affect normal heart and serum lipid metabolism, damaged normal physiological function, Curcumin could protect mice heart through decreasing lipid oxidation and NO content, improving the capacity of total antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, inhibiting the lipid metabolism disorder.