Study On Prevalence Of Sharp Injury And Its Influencing Factors Among Medical Staff In Some Tertiary Hospital Of Anhui Province

BackgroundSharp injury is one of the most common occupational injuries among medical staff. It is an important way of infection, especially the incidence rate of AIDS and hepatitis is higher, the sharp injury will be more harmful. Sharp instruments contaminated by blood-borne pathogens are the main factors of blood-borne occupational exposure hazard among medical staff. Overseas research about sharp injuries started earlier and its management and intervention measures are better. In our country the research began late. The current domestic research literature of sharp injury mainly focuses on the prevention and control measures among nurses or some countermeasures about individual departments or some reason, yet lack of comprehensive and systematic study.ObjectivesThis paper analyzes the reasons of sharp injury in order to understand the situation of medical staff sharp injury and existing problems, to investigate influence factors and to put forward the corresponding improvement measures.MethodsQuestionnaire about medical staff sharp injury is designed according to analysis of literature, and is used in investigation on the situation of sharp injury in one tertiary referral hospital. Questionnaires include:1) Personal information like work type, gender, job title, department, etc.2)Sharp injury questionnaires include sharp injury in the past year, extent of injury, damage aspects, the psychological situation, etc.901 medical staff received the questionnaire.Epdata software is for data entry, SPSS13.0 software is for statistical analysis of data, x±s is for measurement data, count data usage is for description, t test is for statistical analysis, X2 test and rank sum test is also used. P<0.05 is considered statistically significant.Main Results1. The hospital issued a total of 1000 questionnaires, recycled 901 effective questionnaires. Over the past year, a total of 248 cases of sharp instrument injury (27.5%) happened. The incidence rate of doctor sharp injury was 19.9%, while the incidence rate of nurse sharp injuries was 31.2%.2.388 people out of 901 medical staff (43.1%) regularly participated in occupational protection trainings, of which only 76 (19.6%) had sharp injuries.3. The main sharp injury of doctors are working time less than 5 years (49.2%). postgraduate degree(67.2%). primary title(41.0%). surgery department (54.1%). The main sharp injury of nurses are working time less than 5 years(56.1%). college education(51.6%). primary title(79.1%). surgery department(32.6%).4. The main sharp injury of doctors are suture needles(34.42%), and next are needles and scalpels. The main sharp injury of nurses are infusion needles(36.9%), and next are syringes and ampoules.5. The main links of doctors sharp instrument injury are operation suture(45.9%), puncture(16.4%) and the progress of destruction and recycling the waste(13.1%):The main links of nurses sharp instrument injury are dispensing(27.8%), withdraw of needles (25.7%) and the progress of destruction and recycling the waste (15.0%)6.228 medical staff took measure after sharp injuries. The most common measures are squeezing blood from the wound, washing with soap and flowing water, and disinfecting.7. Medical personnel sharp injuries occur primarily because they don’t care (82.7%); Psychological reaction is mainly nervous after injuries (45.6%).8. There are 130 cases of blood-borne sharp injuries (14.4%) of which 44 people reported after blood borne sharp injuries, the rate is 33.8%. The highest rate of report is from infection department. When the sources of exposure are hepatitis C and AIDS, hepatitis, report rate is 73.3%. The rate of unknown source of exposure is much lower. It is fully reported after badly injury, while the report rate is only 19.2% when injury is light.9. The main reasons of not reporting of blood-borne sharp injuries are considered injury to a lesser degree (30.2%), their own antibodies (27.9%), chances of no infection (16.3%) and so on. The report rate of blood-borne sharp injuries is different from different departments, sources of exposure, degree of injuries, and etc.Conclusions and suggestionsThe major group of medical staff sharp injury is nurse. Sharp injuries occur mainly in surgical departments, to the medical staff with experience of less than five years and junior titles. Medical staffs of shorter working time and lower title are more prone to sharp injuries. Nurse sharp injuries occur mainly in pharmaceutical and needle injection and the main sharp objects are infusion needles, syringe needles and ampoules. The doctor sharp injuries occur mainly during surgery suture operational aspects and the main objects are needles. Sharp injuries occur mainly due to the medical staff’s carelessness, which leads to tension and worry. The report rate of sharp injury is low The ream are considered injury to a lesser degree, their own antibodies, and chances of no infection.It is recommended to take protective measures to reduce the incidence of sharp injuries.1) Improve related management systems; 2) Strengthen the relevant trainings; 3) Execute standard precautions strictly; 4) Enhance the management of high-risk group;5) Use safety devices. In case of sharp injuries, medical staff should deal with wounds in accordance with standard emergency treatment, use preventive medication if necessary, and provide timely psychological counseling.