| [Objectives]Further study on lead and zinc mine of cadmium pollution effect to the health of people, and explore the relationship between cadmium intake level and renal tubular function, and provide a basis for early prevention and seeking for index of early renal dysfunction made by cadmium.[Method]In the early stage of the Nujiang orchid lead-zinc mine, on the basis of relevant research, identify the study area, group.Choose lead-zinc mining area of cadmium pollution area crowd for cadmium exposure group,including the cadmium pollution area farmers and the professional people working in the mines.Choose the located away from and no water pollution sources,it is not affected by industrial pollution,and the age, sex, smoking, living habits, social economy is basically the same,and never history of exposure to toxic heavy metal, without kidney disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, affect sexual diseases such as tumor residents as the control group.Through the collection and the study area air,as well as the research object the consumption of the staple food of rice and cigarettes,to determine the cadmium content and assess the research object of cadmium intake level;Cadmium total intake(TTCd) according to the description of methods, such as Chinese and Swedish scholars Cai estimate.Including the intake air and environment,the latter mainly includes food(a local staple food rice) and intake of cadmium in cigarettes,namely TTCd = air intake contact + environment.Based on the research object for regular physical examination and questionnaire survey.Using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, rice, tobacco, air, the content of cadmium in urine and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method for the determination of the indicators of renal tubular function. Based on the research object for regular physical examination and questionnaire survey, grasp the lead-zinc mining area of cadmium pollution area population health. Urine sample collection and analysis of the research object of cadmium exposure group and control group in urine cadmium, beta 2-microglobulin(β2-MG), retinol binding protein(RBP)and albumin(ALB) indexchanges, evaluation of cadmium pollution in the lead-zinc mine exploration area area population renal tubular function damage, further explore the relationship between cadmium intake levels and renal tubular function.[Results]1.Cadmium exposure group and control group in the test result of the cadmium intake between z = 11.493, P = 0.000, according to the alpha = 0.05 level, cadmium intake of cadmium exposure group compared with control group, difference has statistical significance, cadmium intake and cadmium exposure group is higher than the control group.2.Urine cadmium which cadmium exposure group was 3.1%,the control group urine cadmium which is zero. And chi-square(H) = 111.269, P = 0.000, according to the alpha = 0.05 level, cadmium exposure group urine cadmium content in comparison with control group, difference has statistical significance, urine cadmium content of cadmium exposure group is higher than the control group.3.Urine cadmium concentrations of cadmium exposure group and beta 2- MG and RBP has the relationship between three indicators(Correlation coefficient respectively r_s=0.545,P=0.000;r_s=0.257,P=0.000), the difference is statistically significant,beta 2- MG and RBP as urine cadmium concentration rises. When the concentration of urine cadmium reaches more than 10(including g/g Cr),Beta 2- MG and RBP increased at the same time, and propagated in urine cadmium reached more than 20(including g/g Cr) began to appear when a significant rise.4.Cadmium intake group in the study area and beta 2- MG has the relationship between three indicators(Correlation coefficient respectively rs=0.326,P=0.000),the difference is statistically significant,beta 2- MG as cadmium intake rises. When cadmium intake reached more than 50 MG, beta 2- MG increased,and RBP and propagated in cadmium intake reaches more than 100 mg has not been a significant change.5. Cadmium exposure population groups memory decline, waist pain, joint pain,incidence of hair loss, dizziness and non-contact group differences in incidence of such symptoms, results of chi-square value of χ2= 3.978 respectively, P = 0.046; χ2=31.194, P = 0.000; χ2= 17.141, P = 0.000; χ2 = 12.433, P = 0.000; χ2 = 20.537, P =0.000;According to a = 0.05 level, the difference is statistically significant, and cadmium exposure group is higher than the control group.[Conclusion]1. Cadmium pollution area population cadmium intake failed to meet poisoning effect of threshold(2000 mg).2. Cadmium pollution load affected area population to cadmium.Urine cadmium cadmium exposure group is higher than the control group, there are different levels of overweight.3. Different concentrations of urinary cadmium and cadmium intake causes beta 2-MG, RBP, propagated value change.4. Cadmium pollution area population exists in the renal tubular function index varying degrees of change. |
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