Study On Gender Difference In The Causes Of Death And Disease Burden Of The Residents In Chengyang District, Qingdao City,China

BackgroundDue to the existing disparity in physiological, psychological and social factors, there will be something different in the susceptibility to diseases, health service accessibility and burden of disease between men and women. At the same time, men and women have different life styles, knowledge levels, health awareness and preventive behaviors, which may result in a gender difference in mortality, rank of death causes, life expectancy, the burden of disease and other indicators.ObjectivesThe primary purpose of this study is to describe the gender difference in the mortality, death causes and also the changing trends from2008to2012among residents in Chengyang District of Qingdao City, China, analyze the potential reasons for the existing difference, and provide scientific basis for the development of targeting interventions.MethodsThe resident death data are collected from "The Cause of Death Registration Report Information System" in the "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention", and the demographic data are collected from Chengyang Branch of Qingdao Public Security Bureau. We code the causes of death according to International Classification of Diseases, Version10 (ICD-10). Indicators including rank of death cause, life expectancy, potential years of life lost (PYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), rate of PYLL (PYLLR) and others are used to measure the death causes and the economic burden of diseases of residents. SPSS13.0software and Arriaga method are used to analyze the data. We employ descriptive methods to analyze the indicators.Results1.Chengyang District has entered an aged society, and the aging trend is extending year by year. The total burden coefficient is increasing; the male children’s burden coefficient is higher than that among females; female aged burden coefficient is higher than that among males; the dependency ratio shows a rising trend during the five years. Children’s burden coefficient in Chengyang District is lower than the national and Shandong provincial average level, but the old burden coefficient is higher than the national and Shandong provincial average level.2. The overall mortality of males (745.55/100thousand) is higher than that of the female (578.00/100thousand) from2008to2012in Chengyang District. Males have higher mortality than females except for the age groups of1～4and5～9years.3. The mortality of males is higher than that of females in malignant tumor, injury and poisoning and digestive system diseases. The females have a higher mortality than males in endocrine nutritional metabolic diseases. The circulatory system diseases are the leading cause of death among females, the mortality rate of which is much higher than other diseases, and the mortality trend is still rising year by year. Injury and poisoning is the leading cause among children and young adults.The age of the occurrence of cancers tends to be younger.4. The overall average life expectancy among the residents of Chengyang District from2008to2012is78.99years,76.23for men and81.75for women respectively. There is a gap of5.52years between males and females.5. The loss of PYLL caused by death among male residents in Chengyang District from2008to2012is significantly higher than that among females from. Apart from the endocrine nutritional metabolic diseases, loss of PYLL due to four leading causes of death among males are higher than those among females. 6. The AYLL of male residents is higher than that of female from2008to2012. The PYLLR of males was1.95times higher than that of females. The AYLL and PYLLR decreases year by year in Chengyang District, which indicates that early death poses more serious effect on males than females. Although the circulatory system diseases rank the first in the cause of death, it is the least hazardous one of the five leading diseases for the early death.7. The mortality rate of infectious disease in is relatively low in Chengyang District.Chronic diseases have become the main causes of death. Circulatory system disease, cancer, injury and poisoning accounted for82.26%of total death. Circulatory system disease,cancer, injury and poisoning caused an overall PYLL of75016.5years from2008to2012, accounted for79.61%of the total PYLL, which is an important reason of the labor loss o in Chengyang District.Conclusions and SuggestionsConclusions:Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) have become an important public health problem threatening the physical well-being of residents in Chengyang District. It is urgent to strengthen the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases. Gender should be taken into consideration as an important aspect to develop targeting strategies to improve the life expectancy of the residents of Chengyang District..Suggestions:①To popularize the NCDs-related knowledge, and carry out related health education targeting identified high-risk subgroups;②To actively promote the healthy lifestyle behaviors, and carry out interventions targeting different gender;③To improve the community health services, and to deal with the population aging trend in China.