The Treatment Effects Of Leech On Adriamycin-induced Glomerulosclerosis In Rats

Objective:To search the treatment effects of leech on glomerulosclerosis, we established themodels of Adriamycin-induced nephropathy and glomerulosclerosis in RATs. Andcompared the difference of kidney index (KI), serum creatinine(CR), blood ureanitrogen(BUN), total protein(TP), albumin(Alb), cholesterol(CHOL), triglyceride (TG),urine protein, renal pathological changes of renal tissue HE staining; the expression levelof III, IV collagen; and to discuss the possible mechanism and preventive effect of leech onrenal sclerosis in adriamycin induced nephropathy.Methods:40Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into A group (control,n=4), Bgroup(nephropathy,n=10), C group (glomerulosclerosis,n=8), D group (nephropathytreated with leech,n=10) and E group (glomerulosclerosis terated with leech，n=8). B, C, Dand E groups were given intravenous injection of adriamycin (4mg/kg) for first time, Agroup was injected the same volume of physiological saline. Interval of2weeks later, Cand E groups were given injection of adriamycin (4mg/kg) for second time. A, B, C groupwere injected with the same volume of physiological saline. After the success of the modelpreparation, D and E groups were received the treatment of leech (150mg/kg/d) for6weeks. A, B and C groups were treated with the same volume of saline. The total protein,albumin, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol and urine proteinwerewere detected. Renal morphology like glomerular sclerosis index (SI) and tubuleinterstitial lesion (TIL) was evaluated in microscope after leech teratment. Theexpressionof collagen Ⅲ and collagen Ⅳ were assessed by immunohistochemistry.Through the above index to evaluate the effect of leech on glomerulosclerosis inadriamycin induced nephropathy. Results:1. Leech’s effect on urine protein of the rats:The comparison of urine protein among five groups: after2weeks of the firstinjection, the urine proteino f B, C, D and E groups were positive except A group; the urineprotein of C and E groups increased significantly after repeated injection of adriamycin;the urine protein of D and E groups decreased compared with B and C groups after leech’streatment for6weeks.2. Leech’s effect on blood biochemistry of rats:Compared with the group A, B, C, D and E groups had hypoproteinemia，hyperlipidemia after the first injection; the C and E groups improved obviously onlipidemia,urea and creatinine after the second injection；the D and E groups released onlipidemia, urea, creatinine and albumin compared with B and C groups after leech’streatment for6weeks.3. Leech’s effect on pathology of ratsCompared with C and E, the glomerulosclerosis index and tubules interstitial lesion ofB and D grops were more severity; compared with B and D, the pathology injury of C andE were more lighten.4. Leech’s effect on expression of type Ⅲ、Ⅳ collagenThe expression of type Ⅲ、Ⅳ collagen increasedin B, C, D and E groups；comparedwith the group B and D, the expression of group C and E increased; compared with B, theD group，s expression decreased; compared with the C, the E group，s expression decreased.Conclusion:1. Leech can reduce proteinuria in adriamycin induced nephropathy,glomerulosclerosis rats model, blood urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, serumtotal protein, albumin.2. leech can significantly reduce the degree of pathological damage of glomerulusand renal tubule,alleviate glomerular sclerosis index and tubulointerstitial lesions.3. Leech can decrease the expression of type Ⅲ、Ⅳ collagen.