Establishment Of Fingerprints Of Functional Food Ingredient Panax Quinquefolius

Panax quinquefolius and Panax ginseng are both Araliaceae ginseng species, some unscrupulous traders illegally mix ginseng in American ginseng, in this study, the fingerprints of lipid compositions and ginsenosides from the two ginsengs were founded, and the conditions of extracting protein from American ginseng were also optimized, which lay the foundation for the accurate identification of the two kinds of ginseng.Volatile components of the two ginsengs were extracted by head space-solid phase microextraction and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,73constituents were detected in American ginseng and70constituents were detected in ginseng. The liposoluble constituents were extracted and determined by accelerated solvent extraction and GC-MS, both the herbs had identified41kinds of compounds. The contents of fatty acids were determined by GC-MS, a total of24kinds of fatty acids were detected in ginseng while in American ginseng there were27kinds. Saponified the liposoluble constituents and determined the plant sterols by GC-MS,45constituents were detected in American ginseng while40constituents were detected in ginseng, including β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol.A HPLC fingerprint of ginsenosides from the two herbs was developed, and the content of8kinds of ginsenoside were also analyzed. It showed that the HPLC chromatograms of the two ginsengs had some significant difference, in American ginseng the content of Re was much higher than the content of Rgl, while in ginseng the situation was just the opposite, and Rf only existed in ginseng, which could be considered as a remarkable marker.This study adopted the traditional way and ASE to extract protein from American ginseng, optimized the extraction conditions of both methods by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments. Used0.1mol/LKOH as the extracting solvent, the optimum extraction conditions of traditional way were:solid-liquid ratio was1:25, extraction time was24h and extraction temperature was45℃, the optimum extraction conditions of ASE were:extraction pressure was1500psi, static time was5min, extraction temperature was45℃, flush volume was60%, static cycles was three times, nitrogen purge time was120sec, extracted four times. Determined the molecular weight of the proteins SDS-PAGE, identified a total of5marker proteins, whose molecular weight were about17kDa,18kDa,26kDa,27kDa and60kDa.