Experimental Study On The Jaw Bone Defect Repaired By Porous Tantalum Particles

ObjectivesJaw bone defect is a common lesion in oral and maxillofacial surgery, dental implantology and prosthodontics. Jaw bone defect can cause the patients’ dysmasesis, language barrier and esthetic impact in different degrees. The common clinic repair methods for the jaw bone defect are: body self-union, autogenous bone graft, bone meal filling, and metal and alloy application. For the wide range of jaw bone defects, the common adopted clinic methods are the autogenous bone graft, and titanium plate and titanium mesh repair; as the bone is an organization with strong regeneration capacity, the Guide bone regeneration(GBR) is commonly used for the small-scale jaw bone defects. There exist risks that the Bio-oss bone meal and autogenous bone will be absorbed by the body at the early stage after repair, and the lesion cannot be repaired after being absorbed. The material of porous tantalum is characterized by high friction coefficient, high porosity, low elasticity modulus and endogeneity of bone tissue, and the ideal bone material; it has been applied in the repair of clinic knee and ilium bone defects and spondylosyndesis, and the porous tantalum prosthesis can accelerate the generation of soft and bone tissues. Currently, there is no report about the effect of porous tantalum particles to repair jaw bone defects in literatures. The experiment, through building the model of beagle’s lower jaw bone defect and adopting Bio-oss bone meal and porous tantalum particles to repair jaw bones, studies the morphologic changes of new bone formation and shaping, trabecular number, bone mineral density(BMD) and new bone tissues. The experiment tries to evaluate the effect of porous tantalum particles to repair jaw bone defects and provides the experimental foundation for porous tantalum as a substitute material in oral cavity.Materials and MethodsThe 12-month-old male beagle is the research object. Firstly, its mandibular premolar is removed, and then the model of jaw bone defect is established after the removed place is cured. Bio-oss bone meals and porous tantalum particles fill the jaw bone defects in two groups, that is, the control group(Bio-oss bone meals) and the experimental group(porous tantalum particles). The Lane-Sandhu X Line Evaluation Standard is employed to evaluate the situation of new bone formation and shaping; the CIAn Image Analysis Software is used to detect the trabecular number and bone mineral density(BMD) of new bone; Toluidine Blue Staining Method and Giemsa-ponceau Mixed Staining Method are adopted to observe the form of new bone tissues.Results1. It is discovered in the research that when the beagle’s lower jaw bone defect is 7.0 mm in depth and 4.00 mm in diameter, the jaw bone defect cannot be healed by itself.2. After the bone defect is repaired for 3 months, the Lane-Sandhu X Line Evaluation Standard is employed to evaluate the situation of new bone formation and shaping, and it is discovered that porous tantalum particles are marked higher than Bio-oss bone meals(P<0.05); there are no obvious differences between the new trabecula and BMC in the defect zones of the two groups(P>0.05).3. The hard tissue staining hints: there are new bones in the gaps between two groups of particles; there are small amount of osteoid and collagenous fiber in the new bone tissue in the group of the porous tantalum particles, and large amount of osteoid and cartilage-depressed structures exist in the new bone tissue in the group of Bio-oss bone meals.Conclusion1. When the jaw bone defect is 7.00 mm deep, the body with a diameter of greater than or equal to 4.00 mm cannot heal by itself. This can be used to evaluate the effect of bone graft materials at promoting bone formation.2. Speaking of the new bone formation and shaping after the jaw bone defect repair, porous tantalum particles are marked higher than Bio-oss bone meals, the new bone among the holes of porous tantalum particles is much more mature and there are large amount of osteoid and collagenous fiber in the new bone of Bio-oss bone meals. This proves that the jaw bone defect repair effect of porous tantalum particles is better than that of the commonly-used clinic repair materials.3. The research provides more theoretical basis for the jaw bone defect repair effect of porous tantalum particles and theoretical foundation for porous tantalum particles into the clinic research.