Role Of HAND2 Gene And Protein Expression In Endometrial Carcinoma Development

Objectives and significance:With the development of endometrial cancer incidence and mortality increased year by year, more and more attention is paied on diagnosis and treatment of endometrial carcinoma. In recent years, the research of endometrial cancer, although many, but how to diagnosis endometrial cancer in early stage and improve the prognosis is still unknown. In this paper, a preliminary study on the expression of HAND2 gene and protein in endometrial carcinoma tissues and paired noncancerous tissues. Analysis of the relationship between HAND2 gene and protein expression in endometrial cancer patients with clinical pathological parameters. Explore relationship of HAND2 gene and protein expression in endometrial carcinoma development.Methods:Select the pathology department of Jiangsu Subei People’s Hospital in 2010-2014 year archive of 77 cases of endometrial carcinoma tissues, including 63 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma,8 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma,4 cases of clear cell carcinoma,2 cases of serous carcinoma. The expression of HAND2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in 77 cases of endometrial carcinoma and paired noncancerous tissues.34 specimens collected in Subei people’s Hospital of Obstetrics and gynecology from October 2013 to December 2014. The selected specimens were pathologically diagnosed as endometrial carcinoma. The expression of HAND2 protein was detected by Western blot and mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Analyze the correlation between them and pathological characteristics of endometrial carcinoma. The data were analyzed by statistics software SPSS 16.0. A level of P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:1. The positive expression rates of HAND2 protein in endometrial cancer tissue and the non-tumorous tissue adjacent to endometrial carcinoma were 25.97% and 71.43%, respectively. The expression of HAND2 protein in endometrial carcinoma tissue was lower than that in the non-tumorous tissue adjacent to endometrial carcinoma, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01). The expression of HAND2 mRNA in endometrial cancer tissue was lower than non-tumorous tissue adjacent to endometrial carcinoma, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).2. The positive expression rates of HAND2 protein in type I and type II endometrial carcinoma were 19.67% and 50.00%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P= 0.014).3. The positive expression rates of HAND2 protein in type I and type II endometrial carcinoma were 19.67%and 50.00%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P= 0.014). The positive expression rates of HAND2 in G1, G2 and G3 endometrial tissue were 30.43%,26.32%and 18.75%, respectively. But there was no statistically significant difference between them (P= 0.111).4. The positive expression rates of HAND2 in the two groups of specimens with shallow and deep muscularis infiltrating were 40.63% and 15.56%, respectively. And the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.013).5. With the increase of endometrial carcinoma stage of FIGO, the positive expression rates of HAND2 protein were declined, and the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.014).6. The positive expression rates of HAND2 in endometrial cancer tissues with and without lymph node metastasis were 34.29% and 23.81%, respectively. But, there was no statistically significant difference (P= 0.129).7. The positive expression rates of HAND2 in endometrial cancer patients who younger than 50 years old and older than 50 years old were 52.94% and 18.33%, respectively. And the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.004).Concluions:1. HAND2 mRNA and protein low expressed in endometrial carcinoma tissues, which suggested the degree of endometrial malignant.2. The lower expression of HAND2 protein was in type I than type II endometrial carcinoma, suggested that the expression of HAND2 protein may be regulated by estrogen.3. The lower expression of HAND2 protein was in deep myometrial invasion than shallow myometrial invasion and lower expression in stage Ⅱ+Ⅲ than stage I. That indicated the expression of HAND2 protein maybe related with endometrial carcinoma invasion and metastasis.4. The lower expression of HAND2 protein was in patients who> 50 years old than≤ 50 years old. It is supported that HAND2 gene affected by age.5. HAND2 may be helpful to the early diagnosis, treatment and evaluate the prognosis of endometrial cancer.