The Relationship Between PM2.5and Airway Inflammation And Oxidative Stress Reaction In Elderly Patients With Asthma

Objective:Regarding the elderly patients with asthma as the main study subject,this paper is to explore the influence of PM2.5exposure in urban and suburbanupon the airway inflammation degree and oxidative stress reaction index ofelderly patients with asthma in different areas, by which assessing the impact ofPM2.5on airway inflammation of elderly patients with asthma, providing abrandnew way for prevention, treatment and management.Method:The author recruited the patients with bronchial asthma in stable stageamong the clinical and hospitalized elderly patients (>65years old) diagnosedas asthma in the Department of Respiratory of the First Hospital of JilinUniversity from August to September in2013. According to differentresidential areas, the author selected randomly two groups:65patients in urbangroup and65patients in suburban group, then detected the following indicators:lung function, FeNO content, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) andmalondialdehyde (MDA) content. All the subjects were tested for continuous13weeks. And the examinations are conducted in the Department ofRespiratory of the First Hospital of Jilin University on every Sunday morning of October, November and December. During the experiment, all the subjectswere on the normal dose of bronchial asthma treating medicine (such as:methyl xanthines, beta2adrenergic receptor agonists, anticholinergic to drugsand other non-conventional asthma-control drugs). Excluding the subjects whohappened to be caught in the diseases stage or with experimental intolerance,the final subjects who conforms to the experimental requirements were as thefollowing: urban group (n=47) and suburban group (n=51).According to the statistics of October, November and December in2013from the ten PM2.5monitoring points in Chang Chun which was obtained fromthe Changchun Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and theEnvironment and Resources College of Jilin University, the author extractedand compared the weekly average PM2.5concentration values in the urban andsuburban, analysing the examination indexes of lung function, FeNO content,SOD, MDA, heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation.Then the author made a correlation analysis on the data of weeklyaverage concentration of PM2.5and the index of pulmonary function, MDA,FeNO, SOD, heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation.Result:(1) Compared with the suburban elderly patients, the serum MDA levelhas significantly increased (p<0.05) in the urban elderly patients with asthma;while the heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulmonary function, FeNO levels,and SOD has no significant difference (p>0.05).(2) Comparing the average concentration of PM2.5in urban andsuburban areas from October to December in2013, the author finds that theaverage concentration of PM2.5in10.21-10.27,10.28-11.3and11.25-12.1inurban areas was significantly higher than that of in suburban areas, which had astatistic significance (p <0.05).(3) The correlation analysis finds that the level of PM2.5was positivelycorrelated with the heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic bloodpressure(r=0.808, p <0.001;=0.662, p<0.001; r=0.696, p <0.001) and theFeNO and MDA(r=0.499, p＜0.05; r=0.498, p＜0.05) of the subjects, whilewas negatively with the oxygen saturation (r=-0.685. p<0.001), FEV1,FEV/FVC (r=-0.425, p＜0.05; r=-0.815, p <0.001) and the SOD (r=-0.539, p＜0.05) of the subjects.Conclusion:(1) High level of PM2.5could induce lipid peroxidation within theelderly patients with asthma.(2) The elevating level of PM2.5exposure could cause higher level ofheart rate, blood pressure, inflammation and oxidative stress within the elderlypatients with asthma.(3) High level of PM2.5exposure could weaken the blood ability ofcarrying oxygen and the pulmonary function of the elderly patients withasthma.