Epidemiological Investigation And Study Of Allergic Rhinitis In The Urban Area Of Kunming

Objective To investigate and study the the situation of allergic rhinitis in general population in the urban area of Kunming, so as to understand the epidemiological characteristics of the infected population and to analyze the related risk factors, and to provide information for the local government and the health administration departments to make relevant polices. According to the results of the study, to formulate disease prevention and intervention measures, and establish clinical information database of allergic rhinitis of the region.Methods During the period from September in 2009 to the September in 2014, the research adopted the methods of stratified cluster sampling, and selected 2778 regular residents in 12 streets of 4 districts as subjects, who have registered in Kunming city for more than 6 months. An epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis was carried out with the common questionnaire and the allergic rhinitis relevant questionnaire in "The major epidemiological studies of allergic diseases questionnaire of China". Then the results were statistically processed according to the Guidance on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis(2009, Wuyi Mountain).Results 1.2900 questionnaires of epidemiological survey were issued, among which,2778 copies were filled out and sent back, the response rate was 95.8%. Among the received questionnaires, the valid number was 2778 copies, meaning the effective rate was 100%.690 questionnaires reported cases of allergic rhinitis, the prevalence rate was 24.8% (690/2778), including 374 cases of male, the prevalence of which was 26.04%,316 cases were female, the prevalence rate was 23.55%, the difference was not statistically significant (X2=2.318, P> 0.05).2. People of 30-40 years old, male and female alike, had the highest incidence rate in urban Kunming area, the prevalence rate of AR was respectively 24.6% for male, and 23.6% for female; whereas people over 60 years old had the lowest prevalence rate of AR, which was 5.4% for male, and 5.2% for female. Among the surveyed subjects, workers and administrative staff had comparatively higher prevalence rate of AR as 28.09% and 26.11%, individual incidence rate was rather low as 19.83%. Based on this survey, individual incidence rate of people with the education level of university degree was the highest, the prevalence rate reached 31.8%.3. The incidence of allergic rhinitis in Kunming had two peaks, one was from March to April, the another was from September to October. A great many cases of AR appeared during these four months.4. The case group was compared with the control group in this study, patients with allergic rhinitis were easily associated with asthma, atopic dermatitis,food allergy, and drug allergy, which was statistically significant upon examination.5. The risk factors for allergic rhinitis were analyzed as smoking and passive smoking, sedentary lifestyle, the irrational use of antibiotics, patients with a family history of the case, asthma, atopic dermatitis, food and drug allergy, etc., while a healthy diet may be the protective factor.6. Among patients with allergic rhinitis, accompanied with symptoms of itchy eyes and tears were the most, accounting for 58.7%; while accompanied with facial pain were the lest, accounting for 18.6%. For continuous and intermittent allergic rhinitis, moderate to severe patients took the majority, accounting respectively for 37.1% and 31.6%. But for patients with AR disease,53.3% of them felt the time when severe symptoms occurred were in the morning.Conclusion 1. In urban Kunming city, the overall prevalence rate of AR was 24.84%, and the people of 30-40 years old had the highest incidence rate, then turned to a downward trend after 40 years old.2. The male AR prevalence in urban Kunming was 26.04%, while the female prevalence rate was 23.55%, there was no significant difference of AR prevalence between male and female.3. Workers and administrative staff had comparatively higher prevalence rate of AR as 28.09% and 26.11%, individual incidence rate was rather low as 19.83%, there was no significant difference of AR prevalence among every occupations.4. The incidence of allergic rhinitis in Kunming had two peaks as in April and October.5. The risk factors for allergic rhinitis were likely smoking and passive smoking, sedentary lifestyle, the irrational use of antibiotics, patients with a family history of the case, asthma, atopic dermatitis, food and drug allergy.6. AR patients accompanied with symptoms of itchy eyes and tears took the highest percent, accounting for 58.7%.7. In urban Kunming area, among AR patients with intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis, patients with moderate-severe syndrome took the majority.