Epidemiological Investigation And Risk Factors Of Allergic Rhinitis In Children In Hohhot

Objective By investigating the occurrence and related symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children in Hohhot,to understand the current situation and related risk factors of allergic rhinitis in children in Hohhot,and to provide reference for the prevention and management of allergic rhinitis in children.Methods Using the method of cross-sectional study,in March 2021,applied cluster sampling method,all students from 2 kindergartens,2 primary schools,2 junior high schools,and 2high schools in Hohhot were selected as the research objects to investigate the prevalence and prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children.related risk factors.On the premise of informed consent of parents and students,the "Hohhot Children’s Allergic Rhinitis Questionnaire" was issued to all respondents,and parents and students jointly completed and submitted it item by item.SPSS 23.0 software was used for unified input and analysis of the questionnaires collected after passing the inspection.Results 1.The results of the questionnaire survey: 1)A total of 6445 questionnaires were collected and 6397 valid questionnaires were eliminated,with an effective rate of 99.26%.Among them,there were 3229 boys(50.5%)and 3168 girls(49.5%).The surveyed children aged 3 to 18 are divided into the following grades: There were 650(10.2%)in the kindergarten group,3193(49.9%)in the primary school group,1074(16.8%)in the junior high school group,and 1480(23.1%)in the high school group;2)According to the results of the questionnaire survey,there were 1148 children with allergic rhinitis,and the overall reporting rate was 17.9%(1148/6397).Among them,the reporting rate of boys was 20.5%(663/3229),and the reporting rate of girls was 15.3%(485/3168).The reporting rate of allergic rhinitis was higher in boys than in girls,and the reporting rate was significantly different between male and female gender groups(P<0.05);3)The report rate of allergic rhinitis in the kindergarten group was 12.9%(84/650),the report rate of allergic rhinitis in the primary school group was 18.1%(578/3193),the report rate of allergic rhinitis in the junior high school group was 22.5%(242/1074),and the report rate of allergic rhinitis in the high school group was 16.5%(244/1480).The reporting rate of allergic rhinitis was significantly different among grade groups(P<0.05).2.Prevalence characteristics of children with allergic rhinitis: 1)The three main symptoms of children with allergic rhinitis in Hohhot were: nasal congestion 83.7%(961/1148),sneezing 80.2%(921/1148)and Runny nose 76.0%(872/1148);2)The clinical symptoms of children with allergic rhinitis in Hohhot area lasted for 1 to 3 months every year,accounting for 53.2%(611/1148);3)47.5%(545/1148)of children with allergic rhinitis attacked in the morning;4)The most severe season of allergic rhinitis in children in Hohhot was autumn,accounting for 55.9%(642/1148);5)72.8%(836/1148)of the most common inhalation-inducing factors in children with allergic rhinitis were pollen;6)43.0%(494/1148)of the patients believed that allergic rhinitis had a great impact on life.3.Children with allergic rhinitis combined with other allergic diseases: children with allergic rhinitis combined with eczema accounted for 21.7%,drug allergy accounted for11.1%,food allergy accounted for 10.4%,and asthma accounted for 10.3%.4.The results of univariate analysis showed that the factors associated with the occurrence of allergic rhinitis in children were gender,ethnicity,age,body mass index,place of residence,father’s allergic rhinitis history,mother’s allergic rhinitis history,asthma,eczema,drug allergy,surgery history,and mode of delivery,breastfeeding,vaccinations on time,neonatal jaundice,use of antibiotics within 1 year of age,maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy,pets at home,flowers/plants at home,smoking in the home,cooking fuel,heating method,kitchen exhaust method,and plush toys in the home(P value All <0.05).5.The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that obesity(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.13～1.66),living in the city(OR=1.39,95%CI: 1.16～1.68),father’s allergic rhinitis history(OR=1.86,95 %CI: 1.57～2.20),maternal allergic rhinitis history(OR=1.57,95%CI:1.35～1.83),asthma(OR=6.17,95%CI: 4.48～8.49),eczema(OR=2.05,95%CI: 1.71～2.46),allergic to drugs(OR=1.87,95%CI: 1.46～2.39),mode of delivery was cesarean section(OR=1.23,95%CI: 1.07～1.42),history of surgery(OR=1.54,95%CI: 1.14～2.09),suffered from neonatal jaundice(OR=1.24,95%CI: 1.05～1.46),used antibiotics within 1 year of age(OR=1.33,95%CI: 1.13～1.56),raised at home Pets(OR=1.33,95%CI: 1.10～1.62)and someone smoking at home(OR=1.26,95%CI: 1.10～1.45)were independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis in children,and the gender was female(OR=0.79,95%CI: 0.68～0.91),vaccinated on time(OR=0.48,95%CI: 0.32～0.71),growing flowers/plants at home(OR=0.73,95%CI: 0.61～0.89),using electricity as a Compared with gas/natural gas(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.59～0.95),and the presence of plush toys in the home(OR=0.83,95%CI: 0.70～0.98)were the protective factors for allergic rhinitis in children.Conclusion The reported incidence of allergic rhinitis in children aged 3-18 in Hohhot was higher than that in China.Children’s own factors,past medical and allergic history,prenatal and postnatal factors,and family environmental factors were closely related to the occurrence of allergic rhinitis in children.This study preliminarily understands the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children in Hohhot,and provides epidemiological data for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children in this area.