| Objective: This research analyzed the relationship between the chronic disease and the life style of prisoners via a cross-sectional study method, by conducting a field epidemiological survey of chronic disease prevalence and the imprison life in Xi’an,Shaanxi Province. It explored the risk factors of the main chronic disease of prisoners through the case control study, which provides the scientific basis and effective measures to prevent chronic disease, promote prisoners’ health, and improve the quality of prisoners’ life in prison.Method: 1、Status Research The study was conducted in 4 prisons administered by Prison Administrative Bureau of Shaanxi Province in Xi’an. It used the stratified random sampling method for investigation. It includes prisoners’ health questionnaire, health promoting lifestyle scale, concise health measurement scale, combining with the imprisoned health declaration and the prison health archives such as scales and the information to execute the investigation. Epi Data3.1 was used to establish a database by double entry and contrast verification. The statistical analysis system to execute descriptive analysis, ANOVA, t-test, chi-square test methods are used to discuss prisoners chronic disease and influencing factors. 2、Case-control Study By using the 1: 1 matched case- control study method in the survey, it chose 165 prisoners from people with high blood pressure, coronary heart disease and other major chronic diseases either as the case group. At the same time, the survey randomly chose another 165 prisoners with same gender, without disease and on the condition that the age and served time with ≤2 years’ difference. It investigated the risk actors of common chronic cardiovascular diseases of the prisoners from single factor analysis of 1:1 matching and multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: 1、The General Demographic Data There were 1127 prisoners in Xi’an in the survey. A total of 1170 questionnaires were issued, including 1127 valid questionnaires, of which 96.1% were Han Chinese. The effective rate was 96.3%.The average age of them is nearly 45 years old, undereducated, the education level of most of people is junior school level or below. 2、Present Situation of Prisoners’ Chronic Disease and Life Style in Xi’an City. Among Xi’an prisoners’ chronic disease, cardiovascular disease is the highest, followed by the bone and joint disease, digestive system disease, respiratory system disease, eye disease and tumor. The overall chronic disease prevalence rate reached 51.60%, in which of the prevalence rate of hypertension was 20.23%, diabetes mellitus 3.9%, coronary heart disease 10.64%, cerebrovascular disease(5.15%). HPLP- II scores 99.46 + 17.50. The lifestyle tended to be unhealthy. Many factors affect the inmates’ chronic diseases. There are statistical differences in gender, education level, occupation, whether to participate in labor in prison, diet hobbies, and exercise etc(P<0.05). 3、Case-control Study of Risk Factors of Main Chronic Disease of Xi’an Prisoners. Results of multiple logistic regressions analyzed that: smoking(OR=1.399, 95%CI=1.034-1.894); no exercise(OR=0.270, 95%CI=0.160-0.456), low GH scores in quality of life(OR=0.537, 95%CI=0.326-0.884), whether identified as the old, sick and disabled prisoners(OR=0.413, 95%CI=0.244-0.699) were the main risk factors of Xi’an prisoners’ common of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.Conclusion 1、High prevalence of chronic diseases, has become the major factors of the harm for the prisoners’ health in Xi’an. 2、Xi’an prisoners’ lifestyle score is low and tended to be an unhealthy pattern. There is a certain relationship between the occurrence and chronic diseases. The unhealthy life style should be changed. 3、There are many risk factors of chronic diseases affecting the prisoners. Smoking, not participating in physical activity, low quality of life scores of general health status, and identified as old, sick and disabled prisoners commit an impact on risk factors for common cardiovascular disease.Intervention Suggestions Prisoners’ health status and chronic diseases should not be ignored. Chronic disease prevention and health promotion need to be based on the prisoners themselves, supplemented by a reasonable and scientific regulatory assistance and social friendly support. It is suggested to improve the prisoners’ health cognition, give up smoking, actively participate in physical exercise and establish a healthy promoting lifestyle. The prison administrators should increase disease prevention efforts, establish a more reasonable and scientific life habits. The government and the society should pay more attentions to prison, and try to help to promote physical and mental health of the prisoners. |
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