| Huangqin, the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which is in the family of Labiatae. In traditional medicine, it is extensively used in treatments for inflammation, cancer, hepatitis, cirrhosis, diarrhea, jaundice, painful micturition, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematuria, metrorrhagia, cardiovascular dysfunction, infections of the respiratory and the gastrointestinal tract, cleaning away heat, moistening aridity, purging fire, detoxifying toxicosis, reducing the total cholesterol level and decreasing blood pressure. Recent studies have demonstrated that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi reveals a good antitumor effect, which can be used for the treatment of human breast cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, lung carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, bladder cancer, lymphoma, myeloma and gastric adenocarcinoma. With the development of scientific technology and instruments, various of active compounds have been isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, such as flavonoids, volatile oil, polysaccharides and any other compounds. In order to improve the extraction ratio of effective components in Scutellaria baicalensis and reduce the cost of industrial production, the extraction processes of baicalin, baicalein and phenol compounds have been optimized; the amino acid content of Scutellaria baicalensis was determined; the anti fatigue activity of Scutellaria baicalensis polysaccharide were measured and the effects on NO2- eliminating and a-Glucosidase inhibitors of different solvent extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis were studied in this research. The results are as following:1 The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction of baicalin conditions were ethanol concentration of 67%, ultrasonic extraction time of 57min, the liquid-solid ratio of 150mL·g-1 through ridge analysis, under the optimum conditions, the extraction yield of Baicalin was 10.05%.2 The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds conditions were ethanol concentration of 40%, ultrasonic extraction time of 27min and liquid-solid ratio of 287mL·g-1. Under these conditions, the experimental yield is 7.32%. The phenolic compounds have shown a good effect on DPPH radical scavenging, and the IC50 was 0.496mL·g-1.3 The optimum preparation conditions were as follows:temperature of 53℃, time of 134min, and liquid-solid ratio of 30mL℉g-1. The proposed method may be highly applicable for the preparation of baicalein for medicinal purposes.4 There are 19 kinds of free amino acids in Scutellaria baicolensis Georgi, the contents of phenylalanine, asparagine and arginine is 842.49μg·g-1, 813.61μg·g-1 and 385.49μg·g-1 respectively. After acid hydrolysis, the contents of amino acids are obviously increase.7 kinds of human body essential amino acids were detected except tryptophan, the content of phenylalanine is 1142.03μg·g-1. The content of glutamic acid is 1639.71μg·g-1. the contents of semi essential amino acids arginine and histidine are 1151.79μg·g-1 and 645.41μg·g-1.5 In the study of screening the active extracts of different solvent extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in vitro, the results indicated that methanol extract showed the strongest clearance of NO2-, and the IC50 value was 3.629 mg·mL-1; ethyl acetate extract showed the highest inhibitory effects to a-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 2.825 mg·mL-1.6 In the study of the anti-fatigue effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide on mice. The polysaccharide can prolong the exhausting swimming time of mice, increase the level of liver glycogen, muscle glycogen in mice, decrease the concentration of serum urea nitrogen, increase the activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase, which indicated that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide has the anti-fatigue effect. |
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