| Research objective:By observing the influence of acupuncture on the relevant indexes of rats with type 2 diabetes, from the glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1) level to explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment of type 2 diabetes.Research methods:The 50 male SD rats are randomly divided into two groups. The normal group with 8 rats are fed by normal diet, and the other 42 rats intraperitoneally injected streptozotocin to establish rat model of type 2 diabetes are fed by high fat diet for 4 weeks.The later are randomly divided into model group and acupuncture group. Acupuncture group rats are given acupuncture treatments on selected points:Zu San Li, San Yin Jiao and Yi Shu, which are equivalent to ST36, SP6, and Wei Wan Xia Shu of human, the rats in model group and normal group are not treated. Three groups are fed with normal diet and monitored changes of body weight and blood sugar. After the completion of this experiment, blood samples of the rats from each group are collected for measurement of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, GLP-1, and calculating the index of insulin secretion and insulin resistance index; pancreas and small intestine specimens are retained to observe islet morphology, expression of intestinal GLP-1 gene and pancreatic GLP-1 receptor gene, and finally, analyze the impact of acupuncture therapy on the indicators.Research results:1. Weight:Before treatment, there is no difference (P> 0.05) for body weight in three groups. After treatment, there is no significant difference between acupuncture group and model group, but the two groups have significant difference compared with the normal group (P<0.01), so it can be concluded that the body weight of rats are decreased after suffering from diabetes and the body weight loss of rats has not been significantly improved by acupuncture treatment.2. Blood glucose and insulin:The fasting blood glucose and insulin of type 2 diabetic rat of model group increased significantly (P<0.01) as compared with the normal group. Acupuncture treatment can reduce fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01) compared with the model group.3. Glycated hemoglobin:There a significant increase for glycated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetic rat in model group compared with the normal group (P<0.01), which reflects that there is a poor blood sugar control. Acupuncture therapy can reduce glycated hemoglobin, which is significantly significant (P<0.01) compared with the model group.4. Cholesterol:Total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein are significantly increased (P<0.01) compared with normal group in type 2 diabetic rat in model group, and in high-density lipoprotein is significantly reduced (P<0.01). Acupuncture treatment can reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, and increase high density lipoprotein; and there are significant differences (P<0.01) compared with the model group.5. Islet morphology:In the normal group, integrated islets structure, increased number of β cells with normal size and shape, and no obvious swelling necrosis in the islet can be seen; In the model group, incomplete islets structure, obvious fibrosis, isletp* cells with scattered arrangement and different forms appeared; the change of acupuncture group between these two group; so acupuncture treatment has a protective effect on islet morphology.6. Insulin secretion index and resistance index:There are significant reduction of insulin secretion index and increase of insulin resistant index in type 2 diabetic rat of model group, compared with the normal group (P<0.01). Acupuncture treatment can increase the index of insulin secretion and reduce insulin resistance index; and there are significant differences (P <0.01) compared with the model group.7. Rerum concentrations of GLP-1:The serum concentrations of GLP-1 of type 2 diabetic rat of model group is significantly lower than normal group (P<0.01). Acupuncture treatment can elevate serum concentrations of GLP-1;and compared with model group there is a significant difference (P<0.01). Acupuncture can improve the serum concentrations of GLP-lof type 2 diabetic rat.8. Relative expression of GLP-1 gene:The relative expression of GLP-1 gene in the small intestine of type 2 diabetic model group rat is relatively low, which is 70% of the normal group. The acupuncture treatment makes the relative expression of GLP-1 gene increased, reaching 2.14 times compared with the model group. It can be said that acupuncture has a role in the regulation of GLP-1 expression and production levels.9. Relative expression of GLP-1 receptor gene:The relative expression of pancreas receptor gene of GLP-1 of type 2 diabetic model group rat is relatively low, which is 59% of the normal group. The relative expression of pancreas receptor gene of GLP-1 in acupuncture group increased to 1.37 times compared with the model group. So acupuncture treatment can increase the relative expression of the pancreas receptor gene; and acupuncture on GLP-1 plays a role in the regulation of pancreatic receptor gene level.Research conclusions:Acupuncture can effectively reduce blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, and lipid levels, elevate serum concentration of glucagon like peptide-1, and promote expression of glucagon like peptide-1 gene in small intestine and pancreas receptor gene of type 2 diabetic rats, which achieve the effect of the treatment of type 2 diabetes. |
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