The Functional Recovery Of Finger Movement After Injury Of Motor Cortex And The Behavior And Mechanism Of Morphine-related Addiction

Part 1:The functional recovery of finger movement after injury of motor cortexObjectiveIschemic stroke is a group of acute cerebrovascular disease that the main clinical manifestations regional nerve injury and dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemic hypoxia, with the characteristics of the high incidence and high morbidity and high mortality.As there is no effective method of treatment for ischemic brain injury, so further study of damage mechanism of ischemic stroke and treatment strategies have important scientific significance and clinical significance now. In recent researches, the results showed that the mechanism of ischemic brain injury induced by Endothelin 1 (ET-1,Endothelin-1) of macaques are similar to the pathogenesis of stroke of human, and the monkey cerebrovascular and brain tissue response to ischemic stroke most close to human. Therefore, this experiment adopts the independent design and production of tensile testing instrument to detect monkey ischemic stroke model induced by ET-1 after seven months of recovery, to study the function of ischemic stroke damage and repair, and provides accurate monitoring means and methods for further application in the treatment of ischemic stroke of the pre-clinical method.MethodsWe use two Ganges macaques (Macaca mulatta) to produce cerebral ischemia model that was caused by ET-1, which can cause local vasoconstriction as a surgical group. We randomly selected two normal rhesus monkeys as control group. Firstly, e examined two groups of monkeys pull feeding activity use the experiment adopts the independent design and production, and record maximum tension at every time of the different threshold macaques are rewarded candy yes, calculate the CT values of the different threshold, to assess the accuracy of the instrument Through the comparison between groups.Secondly, to test the in finger movement function recovery of two groups of monkeys after seven months of the injured,to assess the accuracy of Brinkma Rotating disc (Rotating Brinkman board).Finally, evaluating the accuracy of the tensile testing instrument through to the two kinds of test method.Results1. There is no difference between two groups of maximum tension at the threshold value of 70 g and 700 g, but there is a difference between two groups of maximum tension at the threshold value of 130g,300g and 500g. There is a significant difference between two groups of the CT value at the threshold value of 300g and 500g, the CT values of two groups of rhesus monkey decreased when the threshold value increased.2. There are no statistical differences between the numbers of feeding number and failure and the numbers of the same two tasks after 7 months, but there is a little progress between the two timing.Conclusion1. Through tension monitoring instrument, we can still observe that exists significant differences between two groups after 7 months of the operation when the monkey finger motor area (M1) injury induced by ET-1.2. Through Brinkma Rotate (Rotating Brinkman board), we can not observe significant differences between two groups after 7 months of the operation when the monkey finger motor area (M1) injury induced by ET-13. Compared with Brinkma Rotate (Rotating Brinkman board), Tensile testing instrument can more accurately reflect the behavioural differences when the monkey finger motor area (M1) injury induced by ET-1.Part 2:The behavior and mechanism of morphine-related addictionObjectiveWe wanted to establish morphine-related conditioned place preference(CPP) model by intramuscularly injection of morphine in rhesus monkey, and to study the macaque morphine associated memory by RNA sequencing.MethodsWe establish morphine-related conditioned preference through combination of intramuscularly injecting morphine and environmental factors in monkeys, and then we analyzed monkeys’ behavior to evaluate whether the CPP model was successfully established in these monkeys. We also used RNA sequencing to study the mechanism of morphine-related memory.Results1. We could not establish the memory associated with morphine, however the morphine CPP group formed morphine-associated memory, and the memory can last up to 64 months.2. We used PCA and cluster analysis based on the expression pattern of the sample to analyse the RNA expression pattern in the Insula and Ventral Striatum(VS). The Clustering of VS:morphine group A(morphine CPP group) and morphine group B(reversal morphine CPP group) has overlap, and thet]y are apart from control group. In Insula:three group can be separated, but morphine A and morphine B is far apart.Conclusion1. Morphine-related memory can be established and it can exist for a long time, but the food-related memory could not be.2. In the Ventral Striatum, the RNA expression pattern is similar between morphine group A and group B, and they are striking different from control group. In the Insula, the difference are focused on A and B. Insula, which is an inner receptor, paly an important role in the relationship between the drug and the environment. We guess that reversal morphine CPP focused on Insula.