The Progress Of Preventing Contrast-induced Nephropathy

In recent years, with the rapid development of interventional radiology and medical imaging, especially the popularization of CT and the application of different image post-processing technologies, the usage of iodinated contrast agent is increasing year by year. Iodine is characterized by X-ray- proof, owing to this specialty, the contrast media can be injected into the body’s vascular system thereby reveal the blood vessels and body cavities, accordingly they will help doctors have a better understanding of the structure of vascular system and the characteristics of the lesion, also,the accuracy of imaging diagnosis will be improved greatly. In addition to the adverse effects relating to immediate and delayed responses, the iodinated contrast agents can also lead to a severe complication, which is called contrast-induced nephropathy. Iodinated contrast-induced nephropathy is an acute kidney injury caused by the injection of agents within three days while the other possible factors are excluded and the diagnosis is mainly depended on the changes of serum creatinine. Some datum manifest that CIN has become the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure after hypovolemic shock and infection.As the pathophysiological mechanism is not yet clear and there is noeffective treatment measure, the prevention is of great significant. At present, the main methods to take precautions against CIN are as follows:risk factors assessment and stratification, stop using nephrotoxic medications, adequate hydration, drug prophylaxis, hemodialysis and filtration, etc. After searching the relative reports home and abroad, the question about how to prevent CIN effectively is summarized in this essay.