The Impact Of Central Executive Components Of Working Memory On Simple Addition And Subtraction’s Mental Arithmetic

As a common used form of mathematical calculation，mentalarithmetic attracted more domestic and intemational attentionthese years．The populerty of calculation tools can not be asubstitude for the development of people’s mental arithmeticability，and financial management，shopping and other digitalinformation processings on daily life are required thepartiicipation of mental arithmetic．For effective in training，it is necessary to explore the process and impacting factors ofmental arithmetic．Recently many researchers have found that thereis an important correlation between mathematics cognition andworking memory and many calculation processes require theparticipation of working memory， especially central executivecomponent，which plays an important role in strategy choice anddigital processing and concluds three functions which are updating，inhibition and shifting．In order to provide the basis for mentalcalculation training，this study used experimental methods toinspect the impact of inhibition and shifting of central executivecomponent of working memory on simple addition and subtraction ofmental arithmetic．This research included two experiments．One was used to explore whether the inhibition function of central executive componentparticipated in process of simple addition and subtraction ofmental arithmetic．The other was to inspect the impact ofshifting’s.The results showed that： The types of operation (addition orsubtraction) affect the accuracy and reaction time of mentalarithmetic. The accuracy of addition mental calculation is higherthan the subtraction’s. Under the same conditions， the reactiontime of addition is shorter than the subtraction’s． Mentalarithmetic was affected by experimental conditions. thedouble-task conditions make the reaction time longer． Theinfluence degree of the two central executive components weredifferent， the shifting function influence was bigger than theinhibit function’s． Conditions interacted and types.It can be conclude that:（1）The central executive componentsinvolved in mental process, and ampacted the accuracy of mentalarithmetic.（2）The inhibition and shifting function had differentdegrees in affecting the mental process.