The Relationship Among Everyday Problem Solving Of The Elderly Based On The Observed Tasks Of Daily Living、Working Memory And Reasoning

Everyday problem solving ability or practical intelligence, is the thinking process ofindividual when dealing with problems in real life, and the accumulation of experience. There isrelationship between the ability of everyday problem solving and basic cognitive abilities,especially memory and reasoning. Which memory is the process of our brain to encode, storageand extract the information be inputted. memory according to the different classification standardscan be divided into various types, but among all those types, working memory capacity is closelyrelated to everyday problem solving ability, which is a limited memory system in the process ofinformation processing and storage for a temporary energy. In addition，as key components ofintelligence, the reasoning is an indispensable factor affecting the ability of everyday problemsolving. For reasoning research materials mainly include graphic reasoning and verbal reasoning.Relatively, graphical reasoning is feasible, and can avoid the influence of knowledge experience,language skills, and other factors, and it can reflect the thinking of the individual developmentprocess more objectively. Therefore, this study adopts the graphic materials to examine theelderly’s reasoning ability.This study adopted questionnaire and test method on211old people who aged from60to84years old for inspecting their ability of everyday problem solving, working memory span andgraphic reasoning, using multivariate analysis of variance, correlate analysis, regression analysisand structural equation model method to analyze the data, which aims at understanding thedeveloping trend of everyday problem solving, working memory and the reasoning ability of theelderly, also find out the possible relationship between these three tasks are discussed.By discussing the relationship among the ability of everyday problem solving, workingmemory and reasoning ability of the elderly, understanding the level of their ability, which willhelp provide premise and prepare for later training, further to maintain and improve theindependence and quality of life of old people, and make contributions to alleviate the societypressure of aging.