Bentham Utilitarianism Ethics Thought Out

Bentham as a famous British philosopher, jurist, economists and social reformer, the most famous is utilitarianism and utilitarianism ethics thought. Bentham’s utilitarianism ethics thought and study, also need a comb for early utilitarianism ethics thought to tell and understand well. Thus, in the first chapter, mainly described the utilitarianism ethics thought of early. Mainly includes the Epicurus happiness ideology, the17th and18th centuries the utility theory and tuck the theology of utilitarianism. Which Epicurus hedonism argues that happiness is a good and happy life is the pursuit of the goal, tells the story of happiness is to belong to the people’s good; The utility theory in the17th and18th centuries, there are mainly Hume and Adam Smith’s emotion utilitarianism, materialism of utilitarianism, theologians tucker theological utilitarianism and Godwin’s political utilitarianism. Bentham founded on the basis of the utilitarianism ethics thought, will be the biggest happiness of most people as the purpose of the personal behavior and government behavior.In the second chapter, the main content of bentham utilitarianism ethics thought. Going mainly includes the theory, on the principle of pleasure and pain, including the moral standard, behavior motivation and miserable classified in three aspects; The intrinsic value of the theory, including the behavior and the calculation method of happy two parts; The utility theory, including the meaning, the utilitarian principle of utilitarianism and the greatest happiness principle of three parts; Law and utilitarianism, including the meaning of the law and the role of law in utilitarianism. The entire chapter is divided into four sections to tell, the first section is about going theory, bentham thought moral standard is pleasure and pain, but the behavior motive is for the pursuit of pleasure and pain. Going on the classification of simple pleasures have a sense of happiness, wealth, happiness, joy and peace of skills, friendly right to happiness, the joy of good reputation, happy, happy, kind of pietism, malicious happy, happy memories, imagination, expectation of joy, lenovo’s happy, relaxed joy; Simple pain can be divided into:the lack of pain, the pain of the senses, clumsy pain, the pain of the hostility, the stigma of pain pain, the pain of piety, kindness, malicious painful memory, the pain of pain, the pain of the imagination, expectations, association of12kinds of pain. Is consequences theory in the second quarter, bentham think individual behavior intrinsic value, is the pursuit of a good or moral right behavior, the good and moral misconduct is rely on happy get to implement, it is not depend on the person on the internal motivation of good or happy, but rely on the people in the result on whether to feel the happiness and goodness. Happy calculation method includes seven factors, namely, strength, persistence, uncertainty, time distance, reproduction, purity, and extensive property. The third section the utility theory. Of utilitarian pointed out that any action orientation utilitarian tendency of what we call happiness, while the tendency to deviate from called the scourge. Utilitarian principle refers to when we have any kind of behaviors to approve or disapprove of, we are watching this behaviour is the happiness of the increase or decrease the care. The greatest happiness principle is at stake people can get the biggest happiness, and this became the most common human pursuit of happiness. The fourth section is law and utilitarianism. In law and the interaction of utilitarianism performance, utilitarianism, with its sorrows principle and the principle of the greatest happiness of most people and established the basic of legislation and the source of the theory. Found the theoretical basis, which makes the legislation in the moral level of a reasonable argument, moral also constitutes the fundamental of legislation, also makes the law more in line with the interests or welfare of whole society.The third chapter is a reflection of bentham’s utilitarianism ethics thought. Its value lies in utilitarianism inheritance for ever, and finally established the ethics of utilitarianism. Mainly includes two aspects of content, one is established the basic principles of utilitarianism, regulatory is an emphasis on law and morality. Its limitations is that, on the one hand, mainly is the trend of the understanding of human nature only as a great bitterness, one-sided emphasis on going to the role of morality; On the other hand is bentham did not actually will be happy to distinguish on the quality and quantity, which is not to good distinction between joy and happiness. Later mill to bentham’s utilitarianism ethics thought made some modification and supplement, established is the purpose of the person should pursue happiness will be happy in quality and quantity on the difference. But the utilitarianism ethics thought is still exist many theoretical problems, later thinkers on the theory of criticism and transcendence.