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Research On Contemporary Utilitarianism Based On Justice Perspective

Posted on:2015-08-30Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:B B WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2175330422486823Subject:Basic principles of Marxism
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Utilitarianism has played a dominant role in the modern moral philosophy and socialethics. The formation of this kind of theory depends on the concern or ways to solveproblems that exist in the reality, utilitarianism is no exception. The system ofutilitarian theory was established at the beginning of the capitalism times.There weremany problems exposed in the process of capitalism.The utilitarian discovered theseproblems, and they tried to construct their own theory system to interpret and even tosolve the practical problems. But as the old saying goes"no one is perfect", the realisticguiding significance of the utilitarianism is not perfect. Although the utilitarianismadvocate some positive concepts and principles, its negative factors have also madegreat influence to the whole society. In real life, people tend to consider theutilitarianism as a negative value with ignoring its positive factors. Especially in China,utilitarianism has been misunderstood for various reasons. Quite a lot of people who donot know utilitarianism well even treat it as the pragmatism equally.The dual role of the utilitarianism in the society is the result of its own theoreticalproblems.The problem the utilitarianism faced is also the proposition that put forwardby utilitarianism----the harmony between individual utility and social utility.Theutilitarianism always persist in their principles and have been criticized. By citing someconcepts and views of professor罗in Harward University,the essay shows one’ssocial responsibility,obligation and “particular behavior” in the justice principle of thesociety. The essay also analyzes the factors that cause the disharmony betweenindividual and social utility and the possibility to adjust them. In order to maximizehappiness, the utilitarianism advocates someone’s sacrifice for the happiness of thewhole society. However, it means that not everyone’s profit can be promised andsomeone have to make sacrifice at any time. It may cause a set of social unfairness,which may lead to individual crisis of confidence of the whole society. In the long run,a healthy society would lose its self-support ability. So the neglect of justice is the keyfactor that makes the utilitarianism in dilemma. In order to avoid such kind of mistake,the socialist utilitarianism should not only treat the system of utilitarianism in a fairview, but also try to construct a new system in accordance with our national conditions.In this way, the utilitarianism can provide some practical supports to the reality.
Keywords/Search Tags:Utilitarianism, Individual utility, Social utility, Justice, The socialist viewof utilitarianism
PDF Full Text Request
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