| Subjective right issues as important subject concerning the study of social change ofmedieval Europe. The emergence and evolution of subjective rights promoted socialreforms in medieval country estates as well as in cities. Subjective rights in this paperrefer to the basic rights of individual or a group, even a social class.，This natural rightalso accelerating society progress and civilization development. Meanwhile, This paperemphasis on subjective rights of basic-level people in Western Europe, including rightsof the serf in estates and the citizen. The sense of subjective rights germinating andpracticing among people from lowest class pose a significant boost to western politicsand economy. Test understanding of subjective rights as beginning for the meaning andcultural legal foundation studies, search specific examples of subjective rights inmedieval estates and cities as to summarizing the effect on social changes WesternEurope.This paper is structured into three chapters, text understanding of subjective rightsas the first chapter for analyzing the forming process of subjective rights discourse aswell as its profound foundation on religion and law in the Middle Ages, then summarizebasic idea of subjective rights. The second chapter mainly states the contractual rightsand obligations relationship between the lords and the serfs in medieval manors andvillages, also the functions of manor court for conflict resolutions in daily life. Thendiscovered the sense of the serfs subjective rights germination and variety ways ofstruggles aiming to win that. The third chapter discussed reasons for city rises and rightsissues it raises behind, which anti-feudal struggles from the urban residents whofighting for their political and economic rights. It also discusses the embodiment ofsubjective rights in the merchants and craft industry guild. Finally, summarizedpromotion effects of subjective rights to economic changes and Western Europe historydevelopments. |
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