The American Board Of Commissioners For Foreign Missions Activities In Northwest Shandong (1840——1949)

From the perspective of the empirical analysis,the regional social and cultural history, this dissertation systemically studies the activities of A.B.C.F.M. In diocese of Shandong of Modern Protestant Church in China.Since China’s entry into modern times, due to the existence of unequal treaties system, all Christian missionary to China to open up the missionary area.It argues that Shandong province is one of the most important province involved in the expansion of activities in A.B.C.F.M..Shandong is one of the important province involved in the expansion of activities in the North of A.B.C.F.M., although located only on Tehchow, Linching two points, but it is a lot of influence in a Protestant church.Really integrate into the local community and faith in Christ is the goal of the A.B.C.F.M.,by purchasing real estate, building schools and hospitals, churches and other religious buildings, A.B.C.F.M.find a balance in order to achieve the established pattern of religious conversion. Local folk beliefs and traditional culture is a game process,reflect the Christian identity change or establish the identity of the Christianity among individual’s. But for most Christians, transition from folk beliefs to embrace the religion of Christ is a progressive process of socialization.Women in missionary institutions often located marginal status. Preaching the word, Unequal treatment of women on their own narrative with a strong desire for religious conversion, Women through their own efforts in the religious and social life to obtain a higher status. This is not just a gender distinction within the church missionary important issues, but also another interpretation of the church’s internal gender attribution.During the Boxer uprising, northwest Shandong of A.B.C.F.M. and the relationship of the villagers are very subtle. Local elites use Christian to protect village temple property, Christianity became the external resources in local politics in modern China. Similar with that of Europe,Catholicism and Christianity in China is always competitive relationship. Both missionaries outside apart from protecting the interests, also worked to reduce the dispute to a certain extent, easing of two religions dispute is well, also got rid of local forces to some degree to compete using two attempts.Meanwhile missionary sermon and actively carry out the work of evangelization, promote the acceptance and recognition of the church in the local. Western culture accompanied by unequal treaty system implanted China, seemingly normal hospital, church established is the prerogative of the Western missionaries actual treaty regime conferred, This became the biggest obstacle to the development of the Church.Chinese Christian and Missionary privilege stems from the relevance of the unequal treaties, the presence of Chinese modern treaty system plays a two-way effect on the spread of Christianity in China.On the one hand, the treaty system play a catalytic role for missionary work, especially in the development of the Church under the treaty regime, often sheltered missionary privileges.This privilege has been signed outside the treaty framework extensions,promote the development of the career of Christianity in China. On the other hand, the negative impact of special rights itself began to emerge. Since the1920s, this negative impact in the era of nationalist sentiment awaking is even more manifest,especially under the special rights of extraterritoriality was public disgust and hate,China awakening nationalism makes more people look at the issue from a Christian missionary in China, human rights degrees. Tucker Cases occurs from the side shows the treaty is under development limitations blessing and privilege of preaching missionaries themselves the embarrassment of standing, for the smooth development of the church made practical challenges.