The Second Police Corps Affiliated With Home Department Of National Government(China) Study (1946-1949)

During the rule of the national government, the modern police system has beenconsiderable development in China,the police been responsible for various functions hasgradually infiltrated into every aspect of society,and become an important tool ofmaintaining national government order. Especially after the victory of Anti JapaneseWar, the national government to speed up the implementation of police constructionplan and carry out the whole army demobilization, large occupation soldiers entered thepolice system by demobilized, ecbolic a batch of new police force. At the time,Chongqing also influenced by the capital of national government returned Nanjing,andthe Second Police Corps affiliated with Home Department of National Government(referred to as the "HDSPC") has emerged.The "HDSPC" by the National Revolutionary Army New25th Division bydownsizing system and change the name and form, is a straight to the home departmentof national government armed police forces. The central police forces by the occupationarmy group directly adapted, so in the functions, organization, personnel appointmentand training aspects reflect the strong military color, so that the national government ina certain period of time it will be directly used for military operations. As a result of thecivil war period under the soaring prices, The"HDSPC" officers lower life treatment andis not favorable, the corps had to often by borrowing and organization of cooperativesand other ways to solve the problem of the lower life of police. The "HDSPC"and theChongqing City Police Department though belong to the police, but there are obviousdifferences in their dress badge, personnel structure, executive ownership as well as theresponsibilities and tasks and so on, which reflects the "special in the police system inthe police". The national government set up "HDSPC" based on the original intention isto use its maintenance of the Kuomintang in Chongqing city’s rule, The "HDSPC" asmany tools of violence to suppress the Communist Party and other democratic progress,so it has great reactionary. But on the other hand, The "HDSPC" subordinate to thepolice were stationed around the residential area and the key organs in Chongqing City, the objective to protect the public safety of life and property, maintain the normal orderof the positive role of local. Although the "HDSPC" is the central police,but in theinternal factionalism Kuomintang does not belong to Jiang Jieshi’s own, so the Corpshas long been the central discrimination. Such discrimination is not only let the "centrallevel be more in name than in reality within two police", also accumulated Corps on thenational government’s discontent, and finally to "two alarm" anti Chiang action andsurrendered the foreshadowing.In addition,"HDSPC",the Central Police Corps,defended Chongqing City,that madeChongqing retain two police strength from national government moved to the West,Chongqing has become the only city except the capital Nanjing,that guarded by localpolice and central police together.This phenomenon reflects Chongqing City has animportant position in the national government.