The Children’s Risk Propensity And The Relationship With Parents’ Risk Attitude

Risk-taking is a double-edged sword for children’s development, on the one hand may cause physical injury to children.On the other hand, it is one of the ways that young children explore the unknown world. Existing researches have shown that: positive moderate risk can promote the development of children’s physical skills, independent judgment and decision-making ability.Preschool ageis a transitional per-iod that from parents solely responsible for environmental risk assessment for young children to gradually give it greater autonomy, in this period, children need to learn to relying more on their own judgment to cope with the risk situation, which becomes very important in the process of learn to safely explore the world. As important others of preschool children, parents, their risk attitudes, and belief of risk’s value in early childhood development, which will significantly influence children’s risk-taking. According to the existing literature, children’s risk propensity of related research is carried out in western countries, the research object is mostly concentrated in the teenagers, college students and adults, and specialized study of preschool children is rare.Therefore, this study will on the child’s risk propensity sinicization, younger age, select 3 to 6 years old, a total of 120 infants, use Flash created four common risk situations, respectively is the balance beam, ride a bike, climb, swing, using experimental method to explore the characteristics of children’s risk propensity. Adaptation "Risk Attitude Questionnaire", and analyzes the relations between children’s risk-taking and parents risk attitude, Corresponding proposals are put forward.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1. There are significant differences in children’s risk propensity in different risk situation. Generally, the level of children’s propensity is low and moderate risk. In the balance beam situations, children mainly showed moderate risk, in circumstances of riding a bicycle, children mainly showed low risk, in circumstances of climbing, children mainly for low risk. in circumstances of swing, children mainly for low risk.2. There are significant differences in children’s risk propensity in demographic variables.The study found that gender, age, urban and rural areas, the only child or not will affect children’s risk-taking significantly.To be specific:boys are more likely to participate in adventure than girls;Children’s risk-taking tendency growth and increased gradually along with the age;Urban and rural areas with only or both interaction affect young children’s risk propensity, rural and not the only child tend to be highest, city and the only child risk tend to bethe lowest.3. There are significant negative correlation between children’s risk perception and emotional expectations and children’s risk propensity. When children consider that the higher the risk, the more vulnerable to injury, the more they are inclined to avoid risk.In addition, when he/she experience excitement of emotional experience, the more likely to choose adventure, and when they feel scare, it is more likely to avoid the risk.4.Parents’risk attitude has significant predict effect to children’s risk propensity. There are significant predict effect between parents’total points and physical score to children’s risk propensity, but no significant in mental score.5.There are significant differences betweenparents’reactions to children’s risk-taking.To be specific, father mainly show happy and worry, and provide more encouragement and guidance to sons of risky behavior, demonstration and appear to be more worry and surprise about their daughters, and more to provide direct help and warning for her daughters. Mother showed anger and fear, provide direct help and guidance to son’s risk-taking, while showed fear and surprise to their daughters, and provide more direct help and warning. Grandparents mainly showed fear emotions for grandchildren, and mainly provide warn and stop.