Subjectivity And Objectivity:the Explore Of Thomas Nagel’s Mind-body Relationship Theory

Philosophy is the result of people’s questioning and thinking of the world. Where there are humans, there are corresponding philosophy. The birth of human itself indicates that people as a conscious being, set up a series of object and the object at the same time, then build up the antagonism between the subject and object. We can say that the category of the subjective and the objective is continuous for the whole human life. In proportion to this phenomenon, people of every times explore the relation of subjective and objective intentionally or unintentionally. The category of subjective and objective enter into the philosophers’s view gradually. However, this category seems very simple, but it is so difficult to be conquered. The argue for this category still exist unto this day. In this paper I will attempt to solve this problem, dig into the essence of Thomas Negal’s theory, and aim to make my owe effort to this problem, then make use of it to provide a new way for the philosophy of mind.This paper mainly consists of the following four parts:Part one:this part gives a detailed research of the history of Subjectivity and objectivity. I use three dimensions-from Chinese philosophy, West Philosophy, Marxist philosophy, and mainly introduction the representative ideas in their own fields. Then point out the characteristic, essence, the shortcomings of these dimwnsions. In a word, to make preparations for us to explore Thomas Negal’s thought, and at last help us to grasp the flashpoint of Thomas Negal’s thought in contrast.Part two:this part’s core is the subjectivity and objectivity of Thomas Nagel himself, which is the focus of this paper. In this section, I introduced the following ideas: the origin of Negal’s thought, the main ideas, essence and the characteristic of his thought, the special relationship of subjectivity and objectivity, the unique relationship of subjectivity, objectivity and science, philosophy of mind. I point out the core of Negal’s thought is the valuable analysis on subjectivity and objectivity, especially that he find the position of moumenon on subjective viewpoint and state. And on the basis of the former thought, he point out the reflect of these ideas in philosophy of mind, then try his best to seek an effective path to solve mind-body problem.Part three:the criticism and Negal’s responding on Negal’s thought. In this part, mainly from the perspective of some academic circles’s attitudes to the argument of "bat argument" and the purpose of this argument, Nagel’s response to these views, the debate between physicalism and Nagel’s subjective and objective thought, some other views of nagel subjective and objective thought, and all of these are aim to help us to have the further understand of the essence of Nagel’s subjective and objective thought.Part four:in this part, I mainly point out my own view on Negal’s thought, show its merits and faults. Then I also try my best to offer up my own ideas in order to solve mind-body problem, and wish to provided my own efforts on philosophy and the relevant philosophy problems.